He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā thermoplastics a me nā thermosets
ʻO nā Thermoplastics a me nā thermosets ʻelua ʻano polymers i loaʻa nā waiwai a me nā ʻano ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā mea ʻelua aia i kā lākou pane ʻana i ka wela a me ko lākou hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā thermoplastics a me nā thermosets i nā kikoʻī.
Ke Kula Kaiapuni
ʻO nā Thermoplastics nā polymers hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻololi hou ʻia i nā manawa he nui me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kemika nui. He laina laina a lālā paha ko lākou, a paʻa pū ko lākou mau kaulahao polymer e nā ikaika intermolecular nāwaliwali. Ke hoʻomehana ʻia, palupalu nā thermoplastics a lilo i malleable, e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO nā laʻana o nā thermoplastics ka polyethylene, polypropylene, a me ka polystyrene.
Pane i ka Wela
Hoʻopalupalu ka Thermoplastics ke hoʻomehana ʻia a hiki ke hana hou ʻia. ʻO kēia no ka mea, ua lanakila nā ikaika intermolecular nāwaliwali e paʻa ana i nā kaulahao polymer e ka wela, e ʻae ana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā kaulahao. ʻO ka hopena, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻololi hou ʻia nā thermoplastics i nā manawa he nui me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kemika koʻikoʻi.
Huli hou
Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā Thermoplastics a hana hou i nā manawa he nui. No ka mea, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kaulahao polymer i kekahi i kekahi, a nāwaliwali nā ikaika intermolecular e paʻa ana iā lākou. Ke hoʻoluʻu ʻia ka thermoplastic, paʻa hou nā kaulahao, a hoʻokumu hou ʻia nā mana intermolecular.
Hoʻolālā kūlohelohe
He laina laina a lālā lālā paha nā Thermoplastics, me nā ikaika intermolecular nāwaliwali e hoʻopaʻa pū ana i kā lākou mau kaulahao polymer. ʻAʻole hoʻopaʻa kemika nā kaulahao i kekahi i kekahi, a ua nāwaliwali nā ikaika intermolecular. ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai i nā kaulahao ke neʻe maʻalahi i ka wā e wela ai, e ʻoi aku ka malleable o ka thermoplastic.
Nā Pono Mīkini
He haʻahaʻa ka ikaika a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa i ka Thermoplastics e like me nā thermosets. No ka mea, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kaulahao polymer i kekahi i kekahi, a nāwaliwali nā ikaika intermolecular e paʻa ana iā lākou. ʻO ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā thermoplastics a loaʻa ka modulus haʻahaʻa o ka elasticity.
noi
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā Thermoplastics i nā huahana e pono ai ka maʻalahi, e like me nā mea hoʻopili, paipu, nā mea uhi wela a me nā ʻāpana kaʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā noi e koi ai i ka ʻike, e like me ka hoʻopili meaʻai a me nā mea lapaʻau.
Nā Thermoset
Loaʻa nā polymers Thermoset i ka hopena kemika i ka wā o ka hoʻōla ʻana, kahi e hoʻololi ʻole ai iā lākou i kahi kūlana paʻakikī a hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo crosslinking a curing, a maʻamau e hoʻoulu ʻia e ka wela, kaomi, a i ʻole ka hoʻohui ʻana o kahi mea ho'ōla. Ke ho'ōla ʻia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā thermosets me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana. ʻO nā laʻana o nā thermosets he epoxy, phenolic, a me ka polyester resins.
Pane i ka Wela
Loaʻa i nā thermoset ka hopena kemika i ka wā o ka hoʻōla ʻana, kahi e hoʻololi ʻole ai iā lākou i loko o kahi kūlana paʻakikī a hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e palupalu i ka wā wela a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia. Ke ho'ōla ʻia, paʻa mau loa nā thermosets a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻololi hou ʻia me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻana.
Huli hou
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe hou ʻia nā thermoset ma hope o ka hoʻōla ʻana. ʻO kēia no ka mea, ʻo ka hopena kemika i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻōla ʻana e hoʻololi i nā kaulahao polymer i loko o kahi kūlana paʻakikī, crosslinked. Ke ho'ōla ʻia, paʻa mau ka thermoset a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hana hou ʻia me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana.
Hoʻolālā kūlohelohe
ʻO nā thermoset he ʻano hoʻohui ʻia, me nā kaula covalent ikaika ma waena o nā kaulahao polymer. Hoʻopaʻa kemika nā kaulahao i kekahi i kekahi, a ikaika nā pūʻali intermolecular e paʻa ana iā lākou. ʻO kēia ka mea i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka thermoset ma mua o ka thermoplastic.
Nā Pono Mīkini
ʻO nā thermosets, i hoʻōla ʻia, hōʻike i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka wela a me nā kemika. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻo ke ʻano crosslinked o ka thermoset e hāʻawi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka rigidity a me ka ikaika. ʻO nā paʻa covalent ikaika ma waena o nā kaulahao polymer e ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka thermoset i ka wela a me nā kemika.
noi
Hoʻohana ʻia nā thermosets i nā noi e koi ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka lōʻihi, e like me nā ʻāpana mokulele, nā insulators uila, a me nā mea hoʻohui. Hoʻohana pū ʻia lākou i nā noi e koi ai i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka wela a me nā kemika, e like me nā uhi, adhesives, a me nā sealants.
Hoʻohālikelike o Thermoplastics a me Thermosets
Hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā thermoplastics a me nā thermosets penei:
- 1. Pane i ka wela: E palupalu nā Thermoplastics i ka wā i wela ai a hiki ke hana hou ʻia, ʻoiai e loaʻa ana nā thermosets i kahi hopena kemika a paʻa mau loa.
- 2. Hoʻololi: Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā Thermoplastics i nā manawa he nui, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe hou ʻia nā thermosets ma hope o ka hoʻōla ʻana.
- 3. Hoʻolālā kemika: He laina laina a lālā lālā paha nā Thermoplastics, me nā ikaika intermolecular nāwaliwali e paʻa ana i ko lākou mau kaulahao polymer. ʻO nā thermoset he ʻano hoʻohui ʻia, me nā kaula covalent ikaika ma waena o nā kaulahao polymer.
- 4. Waiwai Mechanical: He haʻahaʻa ka ikaika a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa i nā Thermoplastics i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā thermosets. ʻO nā thermosets, i hoʻōla ʻia, hōʻike i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka wela a me nā kemika.
- 5. Nā noi: Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā Thermoplastics i nā huahana e pono ai ka maʻalahi, e like me nā mea hoʻopihapiha, nā paipu, a me nā ʻāpana kaʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia nā thermosets i nā noi e koi ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka lōʻihi, e like me nā ʻāpana mokulele, nā insulators uila, a me nā mea hoʻohui.
Panina
I ka hopena, ʻo nā thermoplastics a me nā thermosets ʻelua mau ʻano polymers i loaʻa nā ʻano ʻokoʻa a me nā ʻano. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā mea ʻelua aia i kā lākou pane ʻana i ka wela a me ko lākou hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻololi hou ʻia nā Thermoplastics i nā manawa he nui me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kemika koʻikoʻi, aʻo nā thermosets e loaʻa i kahi hopena kemika i ka wā o ka hoʻōla ʻana, kahi e hoʻololi ʻole ai iā lākou i kahi kūlana paʻakikī, crosslinked. He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā thermoplastics a me nā thermosets no ke koho ʻana i nā mea kūpono no kahi noi i hāʻawi ʻia.