Kodi fluidized bed ndi chiyani?
A fluidized bed ndi njira yomwe imaphatikizapo kuyimitsa tinthu tolimba ngati madzimadzi, nthawi zambiri pouzira mpweya kapena mpweya pansi pa chidebe. Izi zimapanga bedi la tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayenda nthawi zonse ndipo timakhala ndi mphamvu yamadzi ndi gasi. Mabedi amadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga kupanga mankhwala, kuyenga mafuta, ndi kupanga magetsi.
Lingaliro la kuthira madzi madzi linapezeka koyamba m’zaka za m’ma 1930 ndi injiniya wina wa ku Britain dzina lake Lewis Fry Richardson, amene anaona kuti mchenga umakhala ngati madzi ukaulutsidwa ndi mphepo. M’zaka za m’ma 1940, wasayansi wa ku Germany, Fritz Winkler, anapanga makina opangira madzi opangira madzi opangira mafuta.
Mabedi amadzimadzi ali ndi maubwino ambiri kuposa ma reactor okhazikika a bedi, kuphatikiza kutentha ndi kusamutsa anthu ambiri, kuchuluka kwa momwe amachitira, komanso kuwongolera kutentha ndi kupanikizika. Khalidwe lamadzimadzi la tinthu tating'onoting'ono timachepetsanso chiwopsezo cha malo otentha kapena madera akufa, zomwe zingayambitse kusagwira bwino ntchito kapena kusakwanira.
Maonekedwe a bedi lokhala ndi madzimadzi amakhala ndi chidebe kapena chotengera chomwe chimadzazidwa ndi zinthu zolimba, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati mchenga, miyala yamchere, kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Mpweya kapena mpweya umatulutsidwa kuchokera pansi pa chidebecho, ndikupanga kutuluka kwamadzimadzi komwe kumakweza ndi kuyimitsa tinthu ting'onoting'ono mumlengalenga.
Pamene madzi amadzimadzi akuyenda pabedi, amachititsa kuti tinthu tisunthike ndikugwedezana wina ndi mzake, kupanga kusakaniza kosakanikirana ndi kusakaniza. Kuyenda uku kumasonyezanso kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kwabwino komanso kusamutsidwa kwakukulu pakati pa particles ndi madzi ozungulira.
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za mabedi amadzimadzi ndikutha kuwongolera kutentha kwa zomwe zimachitika. Mwa kusintha kutentha kwa madzi ndi kutentha kwa madzi, ogwira ntchito amatha kusunga kutentha kosasinthasintha pabedi lonse, kuteteza malo otentha ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zomwe zimachitikazo zikuyenda bwino.
Mabedi amadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mankhwala, monga kupanga ammonia, methanol, ndi mafuta ena a petrochemicals. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonza chakudya ndi mankhwala, komanso pochotsa madzi oipa ndi zinthu zina za m’mafakitale.
M'makampani opanga magetsi, mabedi amadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyaka malasha ndi mafuta ena. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuwotcha mafuta pabedi lamadzimadzi a miyala yamchere, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi sulfure dioxide yomwe imapangidwa poyaka kuyaka kupanga calcium sulfate (gypsum). Njira imeneyi, yotchedwa fluidized bed combustion, imachepetsa kutuluka kwa sulfure dioxide ndi zinthu zina zowononga zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mafakitale ochiritsira opangidwa ndi malasha.
Pomaliza, mabedi amadzimadzi ndiukadaulo wamakono komanso wosunthika womwe uli ndi ntchito zambiri zamafakitale. Amapereka kutentha kwabwino ndi kusamutsa misa, kuchuluka kwa momwe amachitira, komanso kuwongolera bwino kutentha ndi kupanikizika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kupanga mankhwala, kupanga magetsi, kukonza chakudya, komanso kuthira madzi oyipa.
