Category: Chii chinonzi Polyamide?
Polyamide, inozivikanwawo se nylon, i polymer yekugadzira iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana nekuda kweakanakisa emuchina zvivakwa, makemikari kuramba, uye kusimba. Yakatanga kuvandudzwa muma1930 nechikwata chemasayendisiti kuDuPont, ichitungamirwa naWallace Carothers, uye yave imwe yemapurasitiki akakosha einjiniya munyika.
Polyamide imhando ye thermoplastic polymer iyo inogadzirwa nekubatanidza diamine uye dicarboxylic acid kuburikidza nemaitiro anonzi polycondensation. Iyo inokonzeresa polymer ine arepeating unit of amide groups (-CO-NH-) inoipa hunhu hwayo. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa polyamide inylon 6,6, iyo inogadzirwa kubva kuhexamethylenediamine uye adipic acid.
Polyamide ine akati wandei akasarudzika zvivakwa zvinoita kuti ive yakanakira kune akasiyana siyana ekushandisa. Icho chinhu chakasimba uye chakasimba chinogona kumirisana nekupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa mukushanda kwepamusoro-soro senge zvikamu zvemotokari, zvinhu zvemagetsi, uye michina yemaindasitiri. Iyo zvakare inoshingirira kumakemikari, abrasion, uye kukanganisa, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira kune zvigadzirwa zvinoda kutsungirira nharaunda dzakaomarara.
Imwe yemabhenefiti akakosha epolyamide ndeyekusiyana-siyana kwayo. Inogona kuumbwa nyore nyore mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye hukuru, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvigadzirwa. Inogonawo kusimbiswa nezvimwe zvinhu zvakadai segirazi fibers kana carbon fibers kuti iwedzere simba uye kuoma kwayo.
Polyamide inoshandiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana maindasitiri, anosanganisira emotokari, aerospace, zvemagetsi, uye zvinhu zvevatengi. Muindasitiri yemotokari, inoshandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvakaita semavhavha einjini, manifold emhepo, uye matangi emafuta. Muindasitiri yezvemuchadenga, inoshandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvakaita sezvikamu zveinjini dzendege uye zvimiro. Muindasitiri yemagetsi, inoshandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvakaita semakonitani, ma switch, uye mabhodhi edunhu. Muindasitiri yezvinhu zvevatengi, inoshandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakaita sembatya, mikwende, uye zvemitambo.
Polyamide yakashandiswa zvakare muindasitiri yezvokurapa kune akasiyana maapplication. Inoshandiswa kugadzira sutures yekuvhiya, catheter, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekurapa nekuda kweiyo biocompatibility uye kugona kutsungirira maitiro esterilization.
Mukupedzisa, polyamide inogoneka uye yakasimba yekugadzira polymer ine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa mumaindasitiri akasiyana. Hunhu hwayo hwakasiyana hunoita kuti ive chinhu chakakodzera chepamusoro-kuita maapplication anoda simba, kusimba, uye makemikari kuramba. Sezvo tekinoroji iri kuramba ichifambira mberi, zvingangoita kuti polyamide icharamba ichiita basa rakakosha mukuvandudza zvigadzirwa zvitsva uye matekinoroji.
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