Phapang ea LDPE, HDPE, le LLDPE
Polyethylene ke e 'ngoe ea li-resin tse hlano tse kholo tsa maiketsetso, 'me Chaena hajoale ke eona e rekang kantle ho naha ebile ke moreki oa bobeli o moholo oa polyethylene. Polyethylene e arotsoe haholo-holo ka polyethylene e phahameng (HDPE), polyethylene e tlaase (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) mekhahlelo e meraro.
Papiso ea thepa ea thepa ea HDPE, LDPE le LLDPE
| HDPE | LDPE | LLDPE | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Monko o chefo | Ha e na chefo, ha e latsoehe, ha e na monko | Ha e na chefo, ha e latsoehe, ha e na monko | Ha e na chefo, ha e latsoehe, ha e na monko |
| segokanyipalo | 0.940 ~ 0.976gcm3 | 0.910–0.940g/cm3 | 0.915–0.935g/cm3 |
| bonaletsang | 85-65% | 45-65% | 55-65% |
| Sebopeho sa limolek'hule | E na le li-bond tsa carbon-carbon le carbon-hydrogen feela, tse hlokang matla a mangata ho senya | Li-polymers li na le boima ba limolek'hule tse nyane 'me li hloka matla a fokolang ho robeha | E na le sebopeho sa mela e fokolang, liketane tse nang le makala, le liketane tse khutšoane, 'me e hloka matla a fokolang ho robeha. |
| ntlha e nolofatsang | 125-135 ° C | 90-100 ° C | 94-108 ° C |
| Boitšoaro ba mechini | Matla a phahameng, toughness e ntle, rigidity e matla | Matla a fokolang a mochine | Matla a phahameng, toughness e ntle, rigidity e matla |
| Matla a tšepe | phahameng | Low | e phahameng |
| Elongation nakong ea khefu | e phahameng | Low | phahameng |
| Matla a phello | e phahameng | Low | phahameng |
| Tshebetso e thibelang mongobo le ho thibela metsi | Ho kenella hantle ha metsi, mouoane oa metsi le moea, ho monya metsi a tlase, le anti-permeability e ntle. | Lintho tse fokolang tsa mongobo le moea o thibelang moea | Ho kenella hantle ha metsi, mouoane oa metsi le moea, ho monya metsi a tlase, le anti-permeability e ntle. |
| Acid, alkali, corrosion, organic solvent resistance | E hanyetsana le ho bola ka li-oxidants tse matla; e hanyetsanang le acid, alkali le matsoai a sa tšoaneng; e sa qhibiliheng ka har'a li-solvents leha e le life, joalo-joalo. | E hanyetsana le ho bola ha asiti, alkali le tharollo ea letsoai, empa e hanyetsana le solvent | E hanyetsana le li-acids, alkalis, le metsoako ea organic |
| Ho mamella mocheso/ mohatsela | E na le ho hanyetsa mocheso o motle le ho hanyetsa serame, esita le mocheso oa kamore esita le mocheso o tlaase oa -40F. E na le ts'ebetso e babatsehang ea ho hanyetsa 'me mocheso oa eona o tlaase oa mocheso oa embrittlement o | Ho hanyetsa mocheso o tlase, mocheso o tlase oa embrittlement mocheso | Ho hanyetsa mocheso o motle le ho hanyetsa serame, mocheso o tlaase oa embrittlement mocheso |
| E hanyetsanang le khatello ea maikutlo ea tikoloho | molemo | ho molemo | molemo |
Polyethylene e phahameng haholo
HDPE ha e na chefo, ha e latsoehe, ha e na monko, 'me e na le letsoalo la 0.940 ~ 0.976g/cm3, e leng sehlahisoa sa polymerization tlas'a maemo a tlase a khatello tlas'a catalysis ea Ziegler catalyst, kahoo polyethylene e phahameng e boetse e tsejoa e le khatello e tlaase. polyethylene.
le menyetla:
HDPE ke resin e seng polar thermoplastic e nang le kristale e phahameng e entsoeng ke ethylene copolymerization. Ponahalo ea HDPE ea mantlha e bosoeu ba lebese, 'me e khanya ho isa bohōleng bo itseng karolong e fokolang. E na le khanyetso e babatsehang ho lik'hemik'hale tse ngata tsa malapeng le tsa indasteri, 'me e ka hanela ho bola le ho qhibiliha ha li-oxidants tse matla (concentrated nitric acid), acid le alkali salts le solvents organic (carbon tetrachloride). Polymer ha e monye mongobo 'me e na le ho hanyetsa metsi hantle ho mouoane, e ka sebelisoang bakeng sa tšireletso ea mongobo le ea metsi.
tlhoka mesola:
Bothata ke hore ho hanyetsa botsofali le khatello ea khatello ea tikoloho ha e tšoane le LDPE, haholo-holo oxidation ea mocheso e tla fokotsa ts'ebetso ea eona, kahoo polyethylene e phahameng e eketsa li-antioxidants le li-ultraviolet absorbers ho ntlafatsa mefokolo ea eona ha e etsa moqolo oa polasetiki.
Tlaase kitlano nhua polyethylene
LDPE ha e chefo, ha e latsoehe, ha e na monko, 'me e na le boima ba 0.910 ~ 0.940g/cm3. E entsoe ka polymerized ka oksijene kapa organic peroxide e le sesosa tlas'a khatello e phahameng ea 100 ~ 300MPa, e tsejoang hape e le polyethylene e phahameng ea khatello.
le menyetla:
Polyethylene e tlaase ke mofuta o bobebe ka ho fetisisa oa resin ea polyethylene. Ha ho bapisoa le polyethylene e phahameng haholo, crystallinity ea eona (55% -65%) le ntlha ea ho nolofatsa (90-100 ℃) e tlase. E na le bonolo bo botle, ho atolosoa, ho pepeseha, ho hanyetsa serame le ho sebetsa hantle. Botsitso ba eona ba lik'hemik'hale bo botle, bo khona ho mamella tharollo e nang le asiti, alkali le letsoai; Insulation e ntle ea motlakase le ho kenella ha khase; Ho monya metsi a tlase; Ho bonolo ho chesa. Thepa e bonolo, e na le extensibility e ntle, ho kenya motlakase, botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale, ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso le ho hanyetsa mocheso o tlase (ho hanyetsa -70 ℃).
tlhoka mesola:
Bothata ke hore matla a eona a mochine, ho kenya mongobo, ho kenya khase le ho hanyetsa solvent ho futsanehile. Sebopeho sa limolek'hule ha se tloaelehe ka ho lekaneng, crystallinity (55% -65%) e tlaase, 'me ntlha ea ho qhibiliha ea crystallization (108-126 ℃) le eona e tlaase. Matla a eona a mochini a tlase ho feta a polyethylene e phahameng haholo, coefficient ea eona ea anti-seepage, ho hanyetsa mocheso le ho hanyetsa botsofali ha e sebetse hantle, 'me e bonolo ho bola le ho senya ka tlas'a khanya ea letsatsi kapa mocheso o phahameng, ho fella ka ho fokotseha ha ts'ebetso; kahoo polyethylene e tlaase-tlaase e eketsa li-antioxidants le li-absorber tsa ultraviolet ho ntlafatsa mefokolo ea eona ha ho etsoa maqephe a polasetiki.
Linear Low Density Polyethylene
LLDPE ha e chefo, ha e latsoehe, ha e monko, 'me e na le letsoalo lipakeng tsa 0.915 le 0.935g/cm3. Ke copolymer ea ethylene le palo e nyenyane ea alpha-olefin e tsoetseng pele (e kang butene-1, hexene-1, octene-1, tetrmethylpentene-1, joalo-joalo) e entsoeng ka polymer ka tlas'a khatello e phahameng kapa khatello e tlaase tlas'a ketso ea catalyst. . Sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa LLDPE e tloaelehileng e khetholloa ke mokokotlo oa eona oa mokokotlo, o nang le liketane tse seng kae kapa tse se nang makala tse telele, empa li na le liketane tse khutšoanyane tsa makala. Ho ba sieo ha liketane tse telele tse nang le makala ho etsa hore polymer e be kristale haholoanyane.
Ha e bapisoa le LDPE, LLDPE e na le melemo ea matla a phahameng, ho tiea ho hotle, ho tiea ho matla, ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho hanyetsa serame, joalo-joalo, empa hape e na le khanyetso e ntle ea khatello ea kelello ea tikoloho, matla a ho tabola le thepa e 'ngoe,' me e ka hanela acid, alkali, organic solvents joalo-joalo.
Mokhoa oa ho khetholla
LDPE: Boitsebiso ba kutlo: maikutlo a bonolo; White pepeneneng, empa ponaletso ke karolelano. Boitsebiso ba ho tuka: lelakabe le tukang le mosehla le leputsoa; Ha ho chesa ho se na mosi, ho na le monko oa parafine, ho qhibiliha ho rotha, ho bonolo ho hula terata.
LLDPE: LLDPE e ka ruruha ha e kopana le benzene nako e telele, 'me ea senyeha ha e kopana le HCL nako e telele.
HDPE: Mocheso oa ho sebetsa oa LDPE o tlase, hoo e ka bang likhato tse 160, 'me boima ke 0.918 ho 0.932 grams / cubic centimeter. Mocheso oa ho sebetsa oa HDPE o phahame, hoo e ka bang likhato tse 180, boima bo boetse bo phahame.
Summary
Ka kakaretso, mefuta e meraro e kaholimo ea lisebelisoa e bapala karolo ea eona ea bohlokoa mefuteng e fapaneng ea boenjiniere ba ho thibela metsi. HDPE, LDPE le LLDPE mefuta e meraro ea thepa e na le insulation e ntle le e sa keneleng mongobo, e sa kenelle, e se nang chefo, e sa latsoeheng, e se nang monko e etsa hore e sebetse temong, temong ea metsing, matšeng a maiketsetso, matamo, lits'ebetso tsa noka le tsona li atile haholo, 'me ke Lekala. Lefapha la Temo ea China Fisheries Bureau, Shanghai Academy of Fisheries Science, Setsi sa mechini ea ho tšoasa litlhapi le lisebelisoa tsa ho khothaletsa le ho holisa ts'ebeliso.
Sebakeng se bohareng sa li-acids tse matla, li-alkali tse matla, li-oxidants tse matla le li-solvents, thepa ea HDPE le LLDPE e ka bapaloa hantle le ho sebelisoa, haholo-holo HDPE e phahame haholo ho feta lisebelisoa tse ling tse peli mabapi le ho hanyetsa li-acid tse matla, tse matla. alkalis, thepa e matla ea oxidation le ho hanyetsa metsoako ea lintho tse phelang. Ka hona, coil ea HDPE e thibelang kutu e se e sebelisitsoe ka botlalo indastering ea lik'hemik'hale le indastering ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho.
LDPE e boetse e na le acid e ntle, alkali, tharollo ea letsoai, 'me e na le extensibility e ntle, ho kenngoa ha motlakase, botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale, ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso le ho hanyetsa mocheso o tlase, kahoo e sebelisoa haholo temong, ho boloka metsi aquaculture, ho paka, haholo-holo mocheso o tlaase le ho paka. lisebelisoa tsa cable.
