Mefuta ea nylon (polyamide) le kenyelletso ea ts'ebeliso

1. Polyamide resin (polyamide), e bitsoang PA, eo ka tloaelo e tsejoang e le Nylon

2. Mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa ho reha mabitso: ho latela palo ea liathomo tsa carbon ho r ka 'ngoeepesehlopha sa amide. Nomoro ea pele ea nomenclature e bolela palo ea liathomo tsa carbon tsa diamine, 'me palo e latelang e bolela palo ea liathomo tsa carbon tsa dicarboxylic acid.

3. Mefuta ea nylon:

3.1 Nylon-6 (PA6)

Nylon-6, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-6, ke polycaprolactam. Resin e tšoeu ea milky e khanyang kapa e sa bonahaleng.

3.2 Nylon-66 (PA66)

Nylon-66, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-66, ke polyhexamethylene adipamide.

3.3 Nylon-1010 (PA1010)

Nylon-1010, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-1010, ke polyseramide. Nylon-1010 e entsoe ka oli ea castor e le thepa ea mantlha e tala, e leng mefuta e ikhethang naheng ea heso. Tšobotsi ea eona e kholo ka ho fetisisa ke ductility ea eona e phahameng, e ka otlolloang ho 3 ho makhetlo a 4 bolelele ba pele, 'me e na le matla a phahameng a ho tsitsisa, ho hanyetsa tšusumetso e ntle le ho hanyetsa mocheso o tlaase,' me ha e brittle ho -60 ° C.

3.4 Nylon-610 (PA-610)

Nylon-610, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-610, ke polyhexamethylene diamide. E na le 'mala o mosoeu o mosoeu. Matla a eona a pakeng tsa nylon-6 le nylon-66. Matla a khoheli a manyane, khanya e tlase ea kristale, tšusumetso e nyane holim'a metsi le mongobo, botsitso bo botle ba sebopeho, ho itima. E sebelisoa likarolong tsa polasetiki tse nepahetseng, liphaephe tsa oli, lijana, liropo, mabanta a conveyor, li-bearings, li-gaskets, lisebelisoa tse sireletsang lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki le tsa lisebelisoa.

3.5 Nylon-612 (PA-612)

Nylon-612, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-612, ke polyhexamethylene dodecylamide. Nylon-612 ke mofuta oa nylon e thata haholoanyane. E na le ntlha e tlase ea ho qhibiliha ho feta PA66 'me e bonolo. Ho hanyetsa mocheso oa eona ho tšoana le PA6, empa e na le khanyetso e ntle ea hydrolysis le botsitso ba sebopeho, le ho monya metsi a tlase. Tšebeliso e ka sehloohong ke ea monofilament bristles bakeng sa borashe ba meno.

3.6 Nylon-11 (PA-11)

Nylon-11, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-11, ke polyundecalactam. 'Mele o mosoeu o phatsimang. Likarolo tsa eona tse hlahelletseng ke mocheso o tlase o qhibilihang le mocheso o pharalletseng oa ts'ebetso, ho monya metsi a tlase, ts'ebetso e ntle ea mocheso o tlase, le ho fetoha habonolo ho ka bolokoang ho -40 ° C ho isa ho 120 ° C. Haholo-holo e sebelisoa liphaepheng tsa oli ea koloi, hose ea brake system, optical fiber cable coating, filimi ea ho paka, litlhoko tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, joalo-joalo.

3.7 Nylon-12 (PA-12)

Nylon-12, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-12, ke polydodecamide. E tšoana le Nylon-11, empa e na le sekhahla se tlase, ntlha ea ho qhibiliha, le ho monya metsi ho feta Nylon-11. Hobane e na le lintho tse ngata tse thatafatsang, e na le thepa ea ho kopanya polyamide le polyolefin. Likarolo tsa eona tse ikhethang ke mocheso o phahameng oa ho bola, ho monya metsi a tlase le ho hanyetsa mocheso o tlase haholo. E sebelisoa haholo liphaepheng tsa mafura a likoloi, liphanele tsa lisebelisoa, li-accelerator pedals, li-hose tsa brake, likarolo tse monyang lerata tsa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, le likhetla tsa cable.

3.8 Nylon-46 (PA-46)

Nylon-46, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-46, ke polybutylene adipamide. Likarolo tsa eona tse ikhethang ke crystallinity e phahameng, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, ho tsitsa ho phahameng le matla a phahameng. Haholo-holo e sebelisoa enjene ea koloi le likarolo tsa peripheral, joalo ka cylinder head, oli cylinder base, sekoaelo sa tiiso ea oli, phetisetso.

Ka indasteri ea motlakase, e sebelisoa ho li-contactors, li-sockets, li-coil bobbins, li-switches le likarolo tse ling tse hlokang ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le ho hanyetsa mokhathala.

3.9 Nylon-6T (PA-6T)

Nylon-6T, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-6T, ke polyhexamethylene terephthalamide. Likarolo tsa eona tse hlahelletseng ke ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng (sebaka sa ho qhibiliha ke 370 ° C, mocheso oa phetoho ea khalase ke 180 ° C, 'me o ka sebelisoa nako e telele ho 200 ° C), matla a phahameng, boholo bo tsitsitseng, le ho hanyetsa hantle ho tjheseletsa. Haholo-holo e sebelisoa likarolong tsa likoloi, sekoaelo sa pompo ea oli, sefe ea moea, likarolo tsa motlakase tse sa keneleng mocheso joalo ka boto ea terata, fuse, jj.

3.10 Nylon-9T (PA-9T)

Nylon-9T, eo hape e tsejoang e le polyamide-6T, ke polynonanediamide terephthalamide. Likarolo tsa eona tse hlahelletseng ke: ho monya metsi a tlase, sekhahla sa ho monya metsi sa 0.17%; ho hanyetsa mocheso o motle (sebaka se qhibilihang ke 308 ° C, mocheso oa phetoho ea khalase ke 126 ° C), 'me mocheso oa eona oa ho cheselletsa o phahame ho 290 ° C. E sebelisoa haholo ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, lisebelisoa tsa motlakase, lisebelisoa tsa tlhahisoleseling le likarolo tsa koloi.

3.11 Nylon e bonaletsang (nylon e monko o monate)

Nylon e bonaletsang ke amorphous polyamide e nang le lebitso la lik'hemik'hale: polyhexamethylene terephthalamide. Phetiso ea leseli le bonahalang ke 85% ho isa ho 90%. E thibela kristale ea nylon ka ho eketsa likarolo tse nang le li-copolymerization le lithibelo tse steric ho karolo ea nylon, kahoo e hlahisa sebopeho sa amorphous le se thata-thata, se bolokang matla a pele le ho tiea ha nylon, le ho fumana lihlahisoa tse nang le marako a teteaneng. Thepa ea mochine, thepa ea motlakase, matla a mochine le ho tiea ha nylon e bonaletsang li batla li lekana le PC le polysulfone.

3.12 Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (nylon e nkhang hamonate e khutsufalitsoeng ka hore ke PPA)

Polyphthalamide (Polyphthalamide) ke polima e thata haholo e nang le tekanyo e phahameng ea ho lumellana le ho tloaeleha sebopeho sa limolek'hule, le maqhama a matla a hydrogen pakeng tsa liketane tsa macromolecular. Polymer e na le litšoaneleho tsa matla a phahameng, modulus e phahameng, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, ho fokotseha ho fokolang, ho fokotseha ho honyenyane ha mocheso, le botsitso bo botle ba sebopeho, 'me e ka etsoa ka matla a phahameng, a phahameng-modulus likhoele (lebitso la khoebo la fiber ea DuPont DUPONT: Kevlar, Ke thepa ea sesole e thibelang likulo).

3.13 Monomer cast nylon (monomer cast Nylon e bitsoang MC nylon)

MC nylon ke mofuta oa nylon-6. Ha e bapisoa le nylon e tloaelehileng, e na le litšobotsi tse latelang:

A. Lintho tse molemo tsa mechine: Boima ba limolek'hule tsa MC nylon ke makhetlo a mabeli a nylon e tloaelehileng (10000-40000), hoo e ka bang 35000-70000, kahoo e na le matla a phahameng, boima bo botle, ho hanyetsa tšusumetso, ho hanyetsa mokhathala le ho hanyetsa ho hoholo ho hoholo. .

B. E na le molumo o itseng: Nylon ea MC e na le ts'ebetso ea ho monya hantle, 'me ke lisebelisoa tse batlang li baballa ebile li sebetsa ho thibela lerata la mochini, joalo ka ho etsa likere ka eona.

C. Boiketlo bo botle: Lihlahisoa tsa nylon tsa MC ha li hlahise deformation e sa feleng ha e kobehile, 'me e boloka matla le ho tiea, e leng tšobotsi ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa maemo a tlas'a meroalo e phahameng.

D. E na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho sesa le thepa ea ho itlotsa;

E. E na le litšobotsi tsa ho se tlamahane le lisebelisoa tse ling;

F. Sekhahla sa ho monya metsi se ka tlase ho makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 2.5 ho feta a nylon e tloaelehileng, lebelo la ho monya metsi le lieha, 'me botsitso ba sebopeho sa sehlahisoa le bona bo molemo ho feta ba nylon e tloaelehileng;

G. Ho etsa lisebelisoa tsa ho lokisa le hlobo li bonolo. E ka lahleloa ka ho toba kapa ea sebetsoa ka ho itšeha, haholo-holo e loketseng tlhahiso ea likarolo tse kholo, lihlahisoa tse ngata tse fapaneng le tse nyenyane tse thata bakeng sa ho hlahisa mechine e entsoeng ka ente.

3.14 Nayilone e Bopehileng ya Reaction (RIM Nylon)

RIM nylon ke block copolymer ea nylon-6 le polyether. Ho eketsoa ha polyether ho ntlafatsa ho tiea ha RIM nylon, haholo-holo ho tiea ha mocheso o tlaase, ho hanyetsa mocheso o babatsehang, le bokhoni ba ho ntlafatsa mocheso oa ho baka ha o penta.

3.15 IPN nylon

IPN (Interpenetrating Polymer Network) nylon e na le thepa ea mochine e tšoanang le ea nylon ea motheo, empa e ntlafetse ho ea ho tse sa tšoaneng ho latela matla a tšusumetso, ho hanyetsa mocheso, lubricity le ts'ebetso. IPN nylon resin ke pellet e kopantsoeng e entsoeng ka resin ea nylon le pellets e nang le resin ea silicone e nang le lihlopha tse sebetsang tsa vinyl kapa lihlopha tse sebetsang tsa alkyl. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, lihlopha tse peli tse fapaneng tse sebetsang ka har'a resin ea silicone li etsa karabelo e kopanyang ho theha IPN ultra-high molecular weight silicone resin, e etsang sebopeho sa marang-rang a mararo ka har'a resin ea nylon ea motheo. Leha ho le joalo, crosslinking e entsoe ka mokhoa o fokolang feela, 'me sehlahisoa se felileng se tla tsoela pele ho tšela nakong ea polokelo ho fihlela se phethehile.

3.16 Nylon e kentsoeng ka motlakase

Nylon e nang le motlakase e tletse li-mineral fillers 'me e na le matla a babatsehang, ho tiea, ho hanyetsa mocheso le botsitso ba mahlakore. E na le ponahalo e ts'oanang le ea electroplated ABS, empa e feta hole ABS ea electroplated ka ts'ebetso.

Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea electroplating ea nylon ha e le hantle o tšoana le oa ABS, ke hore, bokaholimo ba sehlahisoa bo qala ho roughened ka kalafo ea lik'hemik'hale (etching process), ebe catalyst e adsorbed le ho fokotseha (catalytic process), ebe lik'hemik'hale. electroplating le electroplating li etsoa ho etsa koporo, nickel, Metals tse kang chromium theha le letso-letso, junifomo, thata le conductive filimi holim'a sehlahisoa.

3.17 Polyimide (Polyimide e bitsoang PI)

Polyimide (PI) ke polymer e nang le lihlopha tsa imide ka har'a ketane e kholo. E na le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le ho hanyetsa mahlaseli. E na le ho se chese, ho hanyetsa ho apara le botsitso bo botle ba dimensional mocheso o phahameng. Thobalano e mpe.

Aliphatic polyimide (PI): ts'ebetso e fokolang;

Aromatic polyimide (PI): e sebetsang (kenyelletso e latelang ke ea PI e nkhang hamonate feela).

A. PI mocheso khanyetso: decomposition mocheso 500℃～600℃

(Mefuta e meng e ka boloka thepa e sa tšoaneng ea 'mele ka nako e khutšoanyane ho 555 ° C,' me e ka sebelisoa nako e telele ho 333 ° C);

B. PI e hanyetsana le mocheso o tlase haholo: e ke ke ea senya naetrojene e metsi ho -269°C;

C. PI matla a mochine: Modulus ea elastic e sa matlafatsoang: 3 ~ 4GPa; fiber e matlafalitsoe: 200 GPa; ka holimo ho 260 ° C, phetoho ea tensile e lieha ho feta aluminium;

D. PI ho hanyetsa mahlaseli: e tsitsitse tlas'a mocheso o phahameng, vacuum le mahlaseli, a nang le taba e fokolang haholo. Sekhahla se phahameng sa ho boloka matla ka mor'a mahlaseli;

E. PI dielectric thepa:

a. Dielectric kamehla: 3.4

b. Tahlehelo ea dielectric: 10-3

c. Matla a dielectric: 100 ~ 300KV / mm

d. Ho hanyetsa molumo: 1017

F, PI creep resistance: ka mocheso o phahameng, sekhahla sa creep se nyane ho feta sa aluminium;

Ts'ebetso ea G. Friction: Ha tšepe ea PI VS e hohlana ha e omme, e ka fetela sebakeng sa khohlano ebe e bapala karolo ea ho itšehla thajana, 'me coefficient of dynamic friction e haufi haholo le coefficient of static friction, eo e na le bokgoni bo botle ba ho thibela ho hahaba.

H. Mefokolo: theko e phahameng, e fokotsang kopo liindastering tse tloaelehileng tsa sechaba.

Li-poliamide tsohle li na le tekanyo e itseng ea hygroscopicity. Metsi a sebetsa joalo ka polasetiki ho polyamides. Ka mor'a ho monya metsi, boholo ba thepa ea mochine le ea motlakase e fokotseha, empa ho thatafala le ho lelefatsa nakong ea khefu lia eketseha.

Mefuta ea nylon (polyamide) le kenyelletso ea ts'ebeliso