Isigaba: I-Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer

I-Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, eyaziwa nangokuthi TPU, wuhlobo lwe-(AB)n block linear polymer. U-A umele isisindo semolekyuli ephezulu (1000~6000) i-polyester noma i-polyether, futhi u-B umele i-diol equkethe ama-athomu ekhabhoni eketango eliqondile elingu-2~12. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali phakathi kwezingxenye ze-AB yi-disocyanate. Irabha ye-Thermoplastic polyurethane incike ekuxhumaneni kwe-intermolecular hydrogen noma ukuxhumanisa okuthambile phakathi kwamaketanga amakhulu. Ngokukhuphuka noma ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa, lezi zakhiwo ezimbili ezixhumanisayo zinokuhlehla. Esimeni sokuncibilika noma isimo sesixazululo, amandla e-intermolecular phakathi kwama-molecule aba buthaka, futhi ngemva kokupholisa noma ukuhwamuka kwe-solvent, amandla aqinile e-intermolecular awaxhuma ndawonye ukuze abuyisele ukusebenza okuqinile kwasekuqaleni. Okujwayelekile TPU kuhlanganisa i-spandex, njll.

Isingeniso esifushane

I-Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) kuwuhlobo lwento enwebekayo engenziwa ipulasitiki ngokushisisa futhi incibilikiswe yizincibilikisi. Inezici ezinhle kakhulu ezibanzi ezifana namandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, nokumelana nowoyela, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokucubungula. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana nezokuvikela izwe, ezokwelashwa, nezokudla.

Ngokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu nokusebenza okubanzi, i-thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer isibe enye yezinto ezibalulekile ze-thermoplastic elastomer. Ama-molecule awo ngokuyisisekelo anomugqa futhi anamakhemikhali amancane noma awanawo nhlobo axhumanisayo. Kukhona izixhumanisi eziningi ezibonakalayo ezakhiwe ngamabhondi e-hydrogen phakathi kwamaketanga e-polyurethane amangqamuzana aqondile, futhi amabhondi e-hydrogen adlala indima ekuqiniseni i-morphology yawo, ngaleyo ndlela enikeza izakhiwo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu njenge-modulus ephezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukumelana ne-hydrolysis. , ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi, nokumelana nesikhunta. Lezi zakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zenza i-thermoplastic polyurethane isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nezicathulo, izintambo, izingubo zokugqoka, izimoto, ezokwelashwa nempilo, amapayipi, amafilimu, namashidi. Umkhiqizo wokugcina ngokuvamile awudingi i-vulcanization cross-linking, okunganciphisa umjikelezo wokusabela futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Njengoba ngokuyisisekelo iyi-polymer yesakhiwo esiwumugqa, ubuchwepheshe obufanayo kanye nemishini njengamapulasitiki e-thermoplastic ingasetshenziselwa ukucubungula, njengokubunjwa komjovo, i-extrusion, i-blow molding, kanye ne-calendering, elungele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi bezingxenye eziphakathi nendawo nezincane. Izinto ezilahlwayo zingaphinda zisetshenziswe futhi zisetshenziswe kabusha, futhi izithasiselo noma izigcwalisi ezihlukene zingasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni noma enqubweni yokucubungula ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo ezithile zomzimba nokunciphisa izindleko.

Ukwahlukanisa

I-Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lwe-polyester nohlobo lwe-polyether. Ziyizinhlayiya ezimhlophe ezingajwayelekile eziyindilinga noma zekholomu ezinobuningi obungu-1.10~1.25g/cm3. Ukuminyana okuhlobene kohlobo lwe-polyether kuncane kunohlobo lwe-polyester. Izinga lokushisa lokushintshwa kwengilazi lohlobo lwe-polyether lingu-100.6 ~ 106.1 ℃, kanti elohlobo lwe-polyester lingu-108.9 ~ 122.8℃. Izinga lokushisa eliqinile lazo zombili izinhlobo ze-polyether ne-polyester liphansi kune--62 ℃, futhi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kohlobo lwe-polyether kungcono kunohlobo lwe-polyester.

isici

Izici ezivelele zama-thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana ne-ozone okuhle kakhulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukunwebeka okuhle, nokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Futhi banokumelana kahle nowoyela, ukumelana namakhemikhali, nokumelana nemvelo. Ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ukuzinza kwe-hydrolysis yohlobo lwe-polyether kuphakeme kakhulu kunohlobo lwe-polyester.

Ubuchwepheshe obusha nokusetshenziswa okusha

TPU iyimboni ethuthuka ngokushesha, enobuchwepheshe obusha, imikhiqizo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivela njalo. TPU isetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izicathulo, izingubo zokugqoka, amapayipi, amafilimu namashidi, izintambo, izimoto, ezokwakha, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukuzivikela, kanye nezemidlalo nokungcebeleka. TPU ibonwa njengohlobo olusha oluluhlaza futhi oluhambisana nemvelo lwempahla ye-polymer esebenza kahle kakhulu. Okwamanje, TPU isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okusezingeni eliphansi, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwenani eliphezulu kulawulwa izinkampani ezithile zamazwe ngamazwe, okuhlanganisa i-Bayer yaseJalimane ne-BASF, kanye ne-United States' Lubrizol and Huntsman, ezandisa imizamo yazo yocwaningo nentuthuko emikhiqizweni emisha. Inani eliphakeme lengeziwe TPU imikhiqizo ithuthukiswa njalo futhi ifakwe emakethe, futhi TPU izinto zokwakha seziphenduke enye yezinto ezikhula ngokushesha ze-thermoplastic.

• Izicathulo: amalogo ezicathulo zezemidlalo, amakhushini omoya ezicathulo zemidlalo, izicathulo zokuhamba izintaba, amabhuzu eqhwa, izicathulo zegalofu, ama-ice skates, nendwangu kanye nezinto zokugqoka.
• Izembatho: amajakhethi okushushuluza, amajazi emvula, ama-windbreaker, amajakhethi angangeni, iyunifomu yasendle, amanabukeni, amabhulukwe okuphila, nezinto eziyinhlanganisela yendwangu (engangeni manzi futhi ephefumulayo).
• Ezokwelapha: izingubo zokuhlinza, izigqoko, izicathulo, amaphedi asesibhedlela, izikhwama zeqhwa, amabhandeshi, izikhwama ze-plasma, amabhandeshi okuhlinzwa, imaski, nendwangu kanye nezinto zolayini, ama-airbag ombhede wokuhlinza.
• Imikhiqizo yezokuvikela: amathangi kaphethiloli endiza, amafilimu okugcina izikhali, amafasitela etende, izikhwama zamanzi ezempi, amajakhethi okuphila, izikebhe eziphephethekayo, nendwangu nezinto zolayini, ama-airbag.
• Izimpahla zezemidlalo: izindawo zebhola likanobhutshuzwayo namashubhu angaphakathi, imibhede ephephethekayo, izikhwama zamanzi, amagilavu ​​okushushuluza (izikhwama ezingangeni manzi), amasudi oku-diving, amajakhethi okushushuluza, izingubo zokubhukuda, ukushushuluza, amalogo, ama-airbag, amahembe ezemidlalo, izingubo zokuzacisa, nendwangu nezinto zokugqoka.
• Imikhiqizo yezimboni: imiphetho yerabha yesipika yephepha lesigubhu, imichilo engangeni manzi, izinto zokuvala umsindo, izinto ezingashi, izingubo ezingashi, indwangu engashi, kanye nendwangu kanye nezinto eziyinhlanganisela yolayini, izintambo kanye nezinto zokwakha zekhebula zangaphandle.
• Okunye ukusetshenziswa: okhiye befoni ephathwayo, amathoyizi aphephetheka epulasitiki, amashidi ombhede, izindwangu zetafula, amakhethini eshawa, izindwangu zefenisha, amaphinifa, amapiyano, amakhibhodi ekhompiyutha, okokugcotshwa kwefilimu, nendwangu kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo.