Kusintha Kwathupi kwa Polypropylene
Kuwonjezera zowonjezera zachilengedwe kapena zosapangidwa ku PP ( polypropylene ) matrix panthawi yosakaniza ndi kuphatikiza kuti mupeze zinthu zopangidwa ndi PP zogwira ntchito bwino. Njira zazikulu zimaphatikizapo kusintha kudzaza ndi kusakaniza.
Kusintha kodzaza
Munjira yopangira PP, zodzaza ngati silicates, calcium carbonate, silica, cellulose, ndi ulusi wagalasi zimawonjezeredwa ku polima kuti zithandizire kukana kutentha, kuchepetsa mtengo, kukulitsa kulimba, ndikuchepetsa kufota kwa PP. Komabe, mphamvu yamphamvu ndi kutalika kwa PP zidzachepa. Ulusi wagalasi, ngati ndevu yabwino kwambiri yopanda chitsulo, imakhala ndi mtengo wotsika, kutchinjiriza bwino, kukana kutentha, kukana dzimbiri, komanso mphamvu zamakina. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo magwiridwe antchito a PP osinthidwa ndi kudzazidwa kwa magalasi amakula bwino. Komabe, zinthu zamagalasi zikafika pafupifupi 30%, zida zamakina zimatha kusintha kwambiri. Kuchulukitsa kwa ulusi wagalasi kungayambitse kusakwanira kwa ulusi wagalasi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisagwirizane bwino pakati pa matrix a polima ndi ulusi wagalasi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamakina azinthu zophatikizika. Kuphatikiza apo, momwe magalasi opangira magalasi akuchulukirachulukira, kuyenda kwazinthu zophatikizika kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta pakuumba ndi kukonza kwa PP.
Kusintha kosintha
Kuphatikiza PP (polypropylene) ndi polyethylene, mapulasitiki a engineering, thermoplastic elastomers kapena labala kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a PP. Kusintha kophatikiza kumamalizidwa mu zida zopangira monga zosakaniza zamkati, mphero zotseguka, ndi ma extruder. Njirayi ndiyosavuta kuwongolera, imakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yopangira, komanso yotsika mtengo, ndipo imatha kusintha zinthu zosiyanasiyana za PP monga colorability, processability, antistatic properties, komanso kukana kwamphamvu. Kuphatikiza kwa ma polima kumatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri zomwe zili mugawo lililonse, kupanga zolakwika za gawo lililonse, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito amtundu uliwonse. Komabe, kukana kwa kutentha kochepa komanso kukana kukalamba kwa PP yosakanikirana sikuli bwino. Panthawi yosakanikirana, mphamvu yometa ubweya imatha kupangitsa kuti maunyolo akuluakulu adulidwe ndikupanga ma free radicals, omwe amatha kupanga ma graft kapena block copolymers ndikuchita bwino ngati ogwirizana ndi PP.
Ukadaulo wosintha wa PP wakulitsa kwambiri gawo logwiritsira ntchito zida zophatikizika ndikuwongolera mtengo wazinthu, kulimbikitsa njira yaukadaulo ya PP, ndikukulitsa ntchito yake kuchokera ku mapulasitiki wamba kupita ku mapulasitiki a engineering. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha PP kusinthidwa ukadaulo wakula mofulumira, ndipo zambiri zatsopano umisiri wagwiritsidwa ntchito pa PP kusinthidwa, amene kwambiri bwino ntchito mabuku PP ndi mosalekeza kukodzedwa ntchito yake munda, ndi chiyembekezo yotakata chitukuko.
Kusintha kowonjezera
Kuonjezera zinthu za ulusi ku mapulasitiki kumatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya zida zapulasitiki, chifukwa chake kusinthidwa kwa dzina. Zida zokhala ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha mainchesi mpaka makulidwe amatha kusintha kwambiri modulus (kukhazikika) kwazinthu zapulasitiki, zomwe zitha kutchedwanso kukonzanso kolimbitsa.
Zida zolimbikitsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakukonzanso kwa PP (polypropylene) ndi fiber ya galasi ndi zinthu zake, komanso mpweya wa carbon, organic fiber, boron fiber, ndevu, ndi zina zotero. makamaka ulusi wagalasi wopanda alkali ndi ulusi wagalasi wa alkali, wokhala ndi ulusi wagalasi wopanda alkali wokhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu. Kutalika kwa ulusi wagalasi kumayendetsedwa mkati mwa 6-15μm, ndipo kutalika kwa ulusi wagalasi kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kukhala mkati mwa 0.25-0.76mm, zomwe zingatsimikizire kuti ntchitoyo ikugwira ntchito ndikupangitsa kuti ulusi wagalasi ubalalike bwino.
Nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti kutalika kwa ulusi wagalasi pazogulitsa kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo kuposa 0.2mm kuti ikhale ndi zotsatira zosintha. Magalasi opangidwa ndi magalasi (gawo lalikulu) ndi abwino pakati pa 10% ndi 30%, ndipo ntchito imachepa ikadutsa 40%. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera ma organosilane coupling agents kumatha kupanga ulusi wagalasi ndi PP kupanga mawonekedwe abwino, kuwongolera modulus yopindika, kuuma, kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, makamaka kukhazikika kwadongosolo lamagulu. Galasi fiber yolimbitsa PP imatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamakina ndi kukana kutentha, komanso kukana kwake ku nthunzi yamadzi, dzimbiri lamankhwala, ndi kukwawa kulinso kwabwino. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapulasitiki opangira uinjiniya nthawi zambiri, monga masamba amakupiza, ma grill, ma impellers, zoyikapo nyali, ng'anjo zamagetsi, ndi nyumba zotenthetsera, ndi zina zambiri.
Ngakhale kupanga polypropylene kukuchulukirachulukira, magwiridwe ake amakhalanso akuwongolera nthawi zonse, kupangitsa kukula kwake ndi kuya kwake kukusintha mosalekeza. M'zaka zaposachedwa, mitundu ina yatsopano ya polypropylene yokhala ndi zinthu zapadera idatuluka, monga transparent polypropylene ndi high-melt-strength polypropylene, mwina kudzera mukusintha kwa ma polymerization kapena njira zomwe zimatengedwa panthawi ya granulation pambuyo polima.
