Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa thermoplastics ndi thermosets?

Thermoplastics ndi thermosets ndi mitundu iwiri ya ma polima omwe ali ndi machitidwe ndi machitidwe osiyana. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa awiriwa kumakhala mu kuyankhidwa kwawo kutentha ndi kuthekera kwawo kukonzanso. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona kusiyana pakati pa thermoplastics ndi thermosets mwatsatanetsatane.

Thermoplastics

Thermoplastics ndi ma polima omwe amatha kusungunuka ndi kusinthidwa kangapo popanda kusintha kwambiri mankhwala. Amakhala ndi mzere kapena nthambi, ndipo maunyolo awo a polima amagwiridwa ndi mphamvu zofooka za intermolecular. Akatenthedwa, ma thermoplastics amafewetsa ndikukhala osinthika kwambiri, kuwalola kuti aumbe mosiyanasiyana. Zitsanzo za thermoplastics ndi polyethylene, polypropylene, ndi polystyrene.

Kuyankha kwa Kutentha

Thermoplastics imafewetsa ikatenthedwa ndipo imatha kupangidwanso. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mphamvu zofooka za intermolecular zomwe zimagwira maunyolo a polima pamodzi zimagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maunyolo aziyenda momasuka. Zotsatira zake, thermoplastics imatha kusungunuka ndi kusinthidwa kangapo popanda kusintha kwambiri mankhwala.

Kubwezeretsa

Thermoplastics imatha kusungunuka ndikusinthidwa kangapo. Izi ndichifukwa choti maunyolo a polima samalumikizana ndi mankhwala, ndipo mphamvu za intermolecular zomwe zimawagwirizanitsa ndizofooka. Pamene thermoplastic itakhazikika, maunyolo amalimbitsanso, ndipo mphamvu za intermolecular zimakhazikitsidwanso.

Kapangidwe ka Chemical

Thermoplastics ali ndi mzere kapena nthambi, ndi mphamvu zofooka za intermolecular zomwe zimagwirizanitsa maunyolo awo a polima palimodzi. Unyolo sunagwirizane ndi mankhwala, ndipo mphamvu za intermolecular ndizochepa. Izi zimathandiza kuti maunyolo aziyenda momasuka akatenthedwa, kupangitsa thermoplastic kukhala yosalala.

Zida Zamagetsi

Thermoplastics nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso kuuma poyerekeza ndi ma thermosets. Izi ndichifukwa choti maunyolo a polima samalumikizana ndi mankhwala, ndipo mphamvu za intermolecular zomwe zimawagwirizanitsa ndizofooka. Zotsatira zake, ma thermoplastics amatha kusinthasintha komanso amakhala ndi modulus yotsika kwambiri.

Mapulogalamu

Thermoplastics amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zomwe zimafuna kusinthasintha, monga zolembera, mapaipi, zofunda zamoto wa thermoplastic ndi zigawo zamagalimoto. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kuwonekera, monga kulongedza chakudya ndi zida zamankhwala.

Zida zamagetsi

Ma polima a Thermoset amakumana ndi mankhwala pochiritsa, omwe amawasintha kukhala olimba, ophatikizika. Njirayi imadziwika kuti crosslinking kapena kuchiritsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kutentha, kupanikizika, kapena kuwonjezera mankhwala ochiritsa. Akachiritsidwa, ma thermosets sangathe kusungunuka kapena kusinthidwa popanda kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Zitsanzo za ma thermosets ndi epoxy, phenolic, ndi polyester resins.

Kuyankha kwa Kutentha

Ma thermosets amakumana ndi mankhwala pochiritsa, omwe amawasintha kukhala olimba, ophatikizika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sizifewetsa zikatenthedwa ndipo sizingapangidwenso. Akachiritsidwa, ma thermosets amaumitsidwa kwamuyaya ndipo sangathe kusungunuka kapena kusinthidwa popanda kuwonongeka kwakukulu.

Kubwezeretsa

Ma thermosets sangathe kusungunukanso kapena kusinthidwa pambuyo pochiritsidwa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kachitidwe ka mankhwala kamene kamachitika pochiritsa kumapangitsa kuti maunyolo a polima akhale olimba, ophatikizika. Akachiritsidwa, thermoset imaumitsidwa kwamuyaya ndipo sangathe kusungunuka kapena kukonzanso popanda kuwonongeka kwakukulu.

Kapangidwe ka Chemical

Ma thermosets ali ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika, okhala ndi zomangira zolimba pakati pa maunyolo a polima. Unyolowo umalumikizidwa ndi mankhwala wina ndi mzake, ndipo mphamvu za intermolecular zomwe zimawagwirizanitsa zimakhala zamphamvu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti thermoset ikhale yolimba komanso yosasinthika kuposa thermoplastic.

Zida Zamagetsi

Ma thermosets, akachiritsidwa, amawonetsa kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri, mphamvu zambiri, komanso kukana kutentha ndi mankhwala. Izi ndichifukwa choti mawonekedwe ophatikizika a thermoset amapereka kuchuluka kwamphamvu komanso mphamvu. Kulumikizana kolimba pakati pa maunyolo a polima kumapangitsanso thermoset kuti isagonje ndi kutentha ndi mankhwala.

Mapulogalamu

Ma thermosets amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zambiri komanso kulimba, monga mbali za ndege, zotchingira magetsi, ndi zida zophatikizika. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimafuna kukana kutentha ndi mankhwala, monga zokutira, zomatira, ndi zosindikizira.

Kuyerekeza kwa Thermoplastics ndi Thermosets

Kusiyana pakati pa thermoplastics ndi thermosets kungafotokozedwe mwachidule motere:

• 1. Kuyankha kutentha: Thermoplastics imafewetsa ikatenthedwa ndipo imatha kupangidwanso, pomwe ma thermosets amakumana ndi chemical reaction ndipo amakhala olimba mpaka kalekale.
• 2. Kubwereranso: Thermoplastics imatha kusungunuka ndi kusinthidwa kangapo, pamene ma thermosets sangathe kusungunuka kapena kusinthidwa pambuyo pochiritsidwa.
• 3. Kapangidwe ka Chemicals: Thermoplastics imakhala ndi mzere kapena nthambi, ndi mphamvu zofooka za intermolecular zomwe zimagwirizanitsa maunyolo awo a polima palimodzi. Ma thermosets ali ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika, okhala ndi zomangira zolimba pakati pa maunyolo a polima.
• 4. Mphamvu zamakina: Thermoplastics nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso kuuma poyerekeza ndi ma thermosets. Ma thermosets, akachiritsidwa, amawonetsa kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri, mphamvu zambiri, komanso kukana kutentha ndi mankhwala.
• 5. Mapulogalamu: Thermoplastics amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zomwe zimafuna kusinthasintha, monga zolembera, mapaipi, ndi zida zamagalimoto. Ma thermosets amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zambiri komanso kulimba, monga mbali za ndege, zotchingira magetsi, ndi zida zophatikizika.

Kutsiliza

Pomaliza, ma thermoplastics ndi thermosets ndi mitundu iwiri ya ma polima omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi machitidwe. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa awiriwa kumakhala mu kuyankhidwa kwawo kutentha ndi kuthekera kwawo kukonzanso. Ma thermoplastics amatha kusungunuka ndikusinthidwa kangapo popanda kusintha kwakukulu kwamankhwala, pomwe ma thermosets amakumana ndi mankhwala pochiritsa, omwe amawasintha kukhala olimba, ophatikizika. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa thermoplastics ndi thermosets ndikofunikira pakusankha zinthu zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito.