Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa thermoplastics le thermosets?

Thermoplastics le thermosets ke mefuta e 'meli ea li-polymers tse nang le thepa le boitšoaro bo fapaneng. Phapang e kholo pakeng tsa tse peli e itšetlehile ka karabelo ea bona mocheso le bokhoni ba bona ba ho tsosolosoa. Sehloohong sena, re tla hlahloba phapang pakeng tsa thermoplastic le thermosets ka botlalo.

Thermoplastics

Thermoplastics ke li-polymers tse ka qhibilihang le ho bōptjoa bocha ka makhetlo a mangata ntle le ho ba le phetoho leha e le efe ea bohlokoa ea lik'hemik'hale. Li na le sebopeho sa linear kapa branched, 'me liketane tsa tsona tsa polymer li kopantsoe hammoho ke matla a fokolang a intermolecular. Ha li futhumala, li-thermoplastics lia nolofala 'me li fetoha habonolo, li lumella hore li bōptjoe ka libopeho tse fapaneng. Mehlala ea thermoplastics e kenyelletsa polyethylene, polypropylene, le polystyrene.

Karabo ho Mocheso

Thermoplastics e nolofala ha e futhumala 'me e ka etsoa bocha. Sena ke hobane matla a fokolang a li-intermolecular a tšoereng liketane tsa polymer hammoho a hlōloa ke mocheso, a lumella liketane hore li tsamaee ka bolokolohi haholoanyane. Ka lebaka leo, thermoplastics e ka qhibiliha le ho etsoa bocha ka makhetlo a mangata ntle le ho ba le phetoho leha e le efe ea bohlokoa ea lik'hemik'hale.

Boikarabello

Thermoplastics e ka qhibiliha 'me ea etsoa bocha ka makhetlo a mangata. Lebaka ke hobane liketane tsa polymer ha li kopane ka lik'hemik'hale, 'me matla a li-intermolecular a li tšoereng hammoho a fokola. Ha thermoplastic e pholile, liketane li boela li tiea, 'me matla a intermolecular a tsosolosoa.

Khemikhale ea Lik'hemik'hale

Thermoplastics e na le sebopeho se melang kapa se nang le makala, se nang le matla a fokolang a li-intermolecular a tšoereng liketane tsa tsona tsa polymer hammoho. Liketane ha li kopane ka lik'hemik'hale, 'me matla a intermolecular a batla a fokola. Sena se lumella liketane hore li tsamaee ka bolokolohi ha li futhumatsoa, ​​​​ho etsa hore thermoplastic e khonehe habonolo.

Mechanical Properties

Thermoplastics ka kakaretso e na le matla a tlase le ho satalla ha li bapisoa le thermosets. Lebaka ke hobane liketane tsa polymer ha li kopane ka lik'hemik'hale, 'me matla a li-intermolecular a li tšoereng hammoho a fokola. Ka lebaka leo, thermoplastics e tenyetseha haholoanyane 'me e na le modulus e tlase ea elasticity.

dikopo

Thermoplastics hangata e sebelisoa lihlahisoa tse hlokang ho tenyetseha, joalo ka thepa ea ho paka, liphaephe, litlolo tsa thermoplastic le likarolo tsa likoloi. Li boetse li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse hlokang ponaletso, joalo ka ho paka lijo le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka.

Thermosets

Li-polymer tsa Thermoset li ba le karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale nakong ea phekolo, e li fetolang ka mokhoa o ke keng oa etsolloa hore e be boemo bo thata, bo kopaneng. Ts'ebetso ena e tsejoa e le ho kopanya kapa ho phekola, 'me hangata e hlahisoa ke mocheso, khatello, kapa keketso ea moriana. Ha li se li phekotsoe, li-thermosets li ke ke tsa qhibiliha kapa tsa etsoa bocha ntle le ho senyeha ho hoholo. Mehlala ea li-thermosets e kenyelletsa li-resin tsa epoxy, phenolic le polyester.

Karabo ho Mocheso

Li-Thermosets li na le karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale nakong ea kalafo, e li fetolang ka mokhoa o ke keng oa etsolloa hore e be boemo bo thata, bo kopaneng. Sena se bolela hore ha li nolofale ha li futhumala ebile ha li khone ho fetoloa. Ha li se li phekotsoe, li-thermosets li thatafala ka ho sa feleng 'me li ke ke tsa qhibiliha kapa tsa etsoa bocha ntle le ho senyeha ho hoholo.

Boikarabello

Thermosets e ke ke ea qhibiliha hape kapa ea etsoa bocha ka mor'a ho phekoloa. Lebaka ke hore karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale e etsahalang nakong ea kalafo e fetola liketane tsa polymer hore e be boemo bo thata, bo hokahaneng. Hang ha e phekotsoe, thermoset e thatafalloa ka ho sa feleng 'me e ke ke ea qhibiliha kapa ea etsoa bocha ntle le ho senyeha ho hoholo.

Khemikhale ea Lik'hemik'hale

Li-Thermosets li na le sebopeho se kopantsoeng, se nang le maqhama a matla a covalent pakeng tsa liketane tsa polymer. Liketane li kopantsoe ka lik'hemik'hale, 'me matla a li-intermolecular a li tšoarang hammoho a matla. Sena se etsa hore thermoset e be thata haholoanyane le hore e se ke ea tenyetseha ho feta thermoplastic.

Mechanical Properties

Thermosets, ha e se e phekotsoe, e bonts'a botsitso bo botle ba sebopeho, matla a phahameng le ho hanyetsa mocheso le lik'hemik'hale. Lebaka ke hobane sebopeho se kopantsoeng sa thermoset se fana ka tekanyo e phahameng ea ho tiea le matla. Maqhama a matla a covalent pakeng tsa liketane tsa polymer le tsona li etsa hore thermoset e se ke ea hlola e hanyetsa mocheso le lik'hemik'hale.

dikopo

Li-Thermosets li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse hlokang matla le nako e telele, joalo ka likarolo tsa sefofane, li-insulator tsa motlakase le lisebelisoa tse kopaneng. Li boetse li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse hlokang ho hanyetsa mocheso le lik'hemik'hale, joalo ka li-coatings, li-adhesives le sealants.

Papiso ea Thermoplastics le Thermosets

Phapang pakeng tsa thermoplastic le thermosets e ka akaretsoa ka tsela e latelang:

• 1. Karabelo mochesong: Thermoplastics e kokobetsa ha e futhumala 'me e ka etsoa bocha, ha thermosets eona e kopana le lik'hemik'hale ebe e thatafalloa ka ho sa feleng.
• 2. Reversibility: Thermoplastics e ka qhibiliha le ho fetoloa ka makhetlo a mangata, ha thermosets e ke ke ea qhibiliha hape kapa ea etsoa bocha ka mor'a ho folisoa.
• 3. Sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale: Thermoplastics e na le mohaho o lekaneng kapa oa makala, o nang le matla a fokolang a li-intermolecular a tšoereng liketane tsa tsona tsa polymer hammoho. Li-Thermosets li na le sebopeho se kopantsoeng, se nang le maqhama a matla a covalent pakeng tsa liketane tsa polymer.
• 4. Lisebelisoa tsa mechine: Thermoplastics ka kakaretso e na le matla a tlaase le ho satalla ha ho bapisoa le thermosets. Thermosets, ha e se e phekotsoe, e bonts'a botsitso bo botle ba sebopeho, matla a phahameng le ho hanyetsa mocheso le lik'hemik'hale.
• 5. Lisebelisoa: Thermoplastics e atisa ho sebelisoa lihlahisoa tse hlokang ho feto-fetoha ha maemo, tse kang thepa ea ho paka, liphaephe le likarolo tsa likoloi. Li-Thermosets li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse hlokang matla le nako e telele, joalo ka likarolo tsa sefofane, li-insulator tsa motlakase le lisebelisoa tse kopaneng.

fihlela qeto e

Qetellong, thermoplastics le thermosets ke mefuta e 'meli ea li-polymer tse nang le thepa le boitšoaro bo fapaneng. Phapang e kholo pakeng tsa tse peli e itšetlehile ka karabelo ea bona mocheso le bokhoni ba bona ba ho tsosolosoa. Thermoplastics e ka qhibiliha 'me ea etsoa bocha ka makhetlo a mangata ntle le hore ho be le phetoho ea bohlokoa ea lik'hemik'hale, ha thermosets e ba le karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale nakong ea phekolo, e li fetolang ka mokhoa o ke keng oa etsolloa hore e be boemo bo thata, bo kopaneng. Ho utloisisa phapang pakeng tsa thermoplastics le thermosets ke habohlokoa bakeng sa ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng bakeng sa kopo e fanoeng.