Ukuguqulwa koMzimba kwePolypropylene
Ukongeza izongezo ze-organic okanye ezingaphiliyo kwi-PP ( polypropylene ) matrix ngexesha lenkqubo yokuxuba nokudibanisa ukuze kufunyanwe izixhobo ze-PP ezisebenza kakuhle. Iindlela eziphambili ziquka ukuguqulwa kokuzalisa kunye nokuguqulwa kokuxuba.
Ukuzalisa ukulungiswa
Kwinkqubo yokubumba i-PP, iifayili ezifana ne-silicates, i-calcium carbonate, i-silica, i-cellulose, kunye ne-glass fibers zongezwa kwi-polymer ukuphucula ukumelana nokushisa, ukunciphisa iindleko, ukwandisa ukuqina, kunye nokunciphisa ukubunjwa kwe-PP. Nangona kunjalo, amandla empembelelo kunye nokwandiswa kwePP kuya kuncipha. Ifiber yeglasi, njengebhovu eligqwesileyo le-inorganic non-metallic, inexabiso eliphantsi, ukugquma okulungileyo, ukuxhathisa ubushushu, ukuxhathisa ukubola, kunye namandla aphezulu omatshini. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kwaye ukusebenza kwePP eguqulwe ngokuzaliswa kwefiber yeglasi kuphuculwe kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, xa umxholo wefiber yeglasi ufikelela malunga ne-30%, iipropathi zomatshini wezinto eziphathekayo zinokuphuculwa kakhulu. Ukongezwa ngokugqithisileyo kwefiber yeglasi kunokukhokelela ekungeneni ngokwaneleyo kwezinye iintsinga zeglasi, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakubi kwekhonkco phakathi kwepolymer matrix kunye neentsinga zeglasi, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni kumandla omatshini wemathiriyeli edibeneyo. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko umxholo wefiber yeglasi usanda, ukuhamba kwezinto ezidibeneyo kuncipha, okukhokelela kubunzima bokubumba kunye nokusebenza kwePP.
Ukuguqulwa kokudibanisa
Ukudibanisa i-PP (i-polypropylene) kunye ne-polyethylene, iiplastiki zobunjineli, i-elastomers ye-thermoplastic okanye i-rubber ukuphucula ukusebenza kwePP. Ukuguqulwa kokudibanisa kugqitywe kwizixhobo zokusebenza ezifana nezixube zangaphakathi, ii-mills ezivulekileyo, kunye ne-extruders. Inkqubo kulula ukuyilawula, inomjikelezo omfutshane wemveliso, kunye neendleko eziphantsi, kwaye inokuphucula iipropati ezahlukeneyo zePP ezifana nombala, ukuguqulwa, iipropati ze-antistatic, kunye nokuchasana kwempembelelo. Ukudibanisa i-polymer kunokusebenzisa ngokubanzi iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zecandelo ngalinye, ukwenza ukusilela kweempawu zecandelo ngalinye, kunye nokuphucula ngokubonakalayo ukusebenza okubanzi komxube. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchasana nobushushu obuphantsi kunye nokumelana nokwaluphala kwePP edibeneyo ayikalunganga. Ngexesha lokudibanisa ukuguqulwa, amandla okucheba anokubangela ukuba amanye amatyathanga amakhulu emolekyuli anqunyulwe kwaye enze iiradicals zasimahla, ezinokuthi zenze i-graft okanye i-block copolymers kwaye zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo njengezihambelana nePP.
Itekhnoloji yokuguqulwa kwePP iye yandisa kakhulu intsimi yesicelo sezinto ezidibeneyo kunye nokuphucula iindleko-ukusebenza kweemveliso, yakhuthaza inkqubo yobunjineli yePP, kwaye yandisa uluhlu lwesicelo sayo ukusuka kwiiplastiki eziqhelekileyo ukuya kwiiplastiki zobunjineli. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando kunye nophuhliso lweteknoloji yokuguqulwa kwePP iye yaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngakumbi nangakumbi iteknoloji entsha isetyenziswe kwi-PP ukuguqulwa, okuye kwaphucula kakhulu ukusebenza okubanzi kwePP kunye nokwandisa ngokuqhubekayo intsimi yesicelo sayo, kunye nethemba lophuhliso olubanzi.
Ukuguqulwa kokuqinisa
Ukongeza izixhobo zefibrous kwiiplastiki kunokuphucula kakhulu amandla ezinto zeplastiki, kungoko igama lokuqinisa ukuguqulwa. Izinto eziphathekayo ezinomlinganiselo omkhulu we-diameter-to-thickness ratio zingaphucula kakhulu imodyuli yokugoba (ukuqina) kwezinto zeplastiki, ezinokuthi zibizwe ngokuba yi-reinforcement modification.
Izinto zokuqinisa ezisetyenziselwa ukuguqulwa kokuqinisa iPP (i-polypropylene) i-fiber yeglasi kunye neemveliso zayo, kunye ne-carbon fiber, i-organic fiber, i-boron fiber, i-whiskers, njl. ubukhulu becala iintsinga zeglasi ezingezizo ialkali kunye nemicu yeglasi yealkali ephakathi, enemicu yeglasi engeyiyo-alkali enesona sixa sikhulu. Ububanzi bemicu yeglasi bulawulwa ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-6-15μm, kunye nobude bemicu yeglasi kufuneka buqinisekiswe ukuba bungaphakathi kwe-0.25-0.76mm, enokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwemveliso kwaye yenze imicu yeglasi ihlakazeke kakuhle.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kukholelwa ukuba ubude bemicu yeglasi kwimveliso kufuneka ibe mkhulu kune-0.2mm ukuze ibe nefuthe lokuguqulwa. Umxholo wefiber yeglasi (i-mass fraction) ingcono phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-30%, kwaye ukusebenza kuyancipha xa kudlula i-40%. Ukongeza, ukongeza i-organosilane coupling agents kunokwenza iifiber zeglasi kunye nePP yenze i-interface elungileyo, iphucule imodyuli yokugoba, ukuqina, ubushushu bomthwalo wokutshintsha, kwaye ngakumbi ukuzinza komgangatho wenkqubo edibeneyo. Ifayibha yeglasi eyomeleziweyo yePP inokuphucula amandla oomatshini kunye nokuxhathisa ubushushu, kunye nokuchasana kwayo nomphunga wamanzi, ukubola kweekhemikhali, kunye nokuhamba kuhle. Ingasetyenziswa njengeeplastiki zobunjineli kwizihlandlo ezininzi, ezinje ngeencakuba zefeni, iigrile zokufudumeza, ii-impellers, izibane zezibane, iziko lombane, kunye nezindlu zokufudumeza, njl.
Ngelixa ukuveliswa kwepolypropylene kwanda ngokukhawuleza, ukusebenza kwayo kuphucula rhoqo, okwenza ububanzi besicelo kunye nobunzulu buguquke rhoqo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ezinye iintlobo ezintsha ze-polypropylene ezineempawu ezizodwa ziye zavela, ezifana ne-polypropylene ecacileyo kunye ne-high-melt-strength-polypropylene, mhlawumbi ngokuphuculwa kwe-polymerization reaction okanye amanyathelo athatyathwe ngexesha le-granulation emva kwe-polymerization.
