Iimpawu kunye neentlobo zepolymer ye-thermoplastic

Ipholima ye-thermoplastic luhlobo lwepolymer ebonakala ngokukwazi kwayo ukunyibilika emva koko yoqina.epengaphandle kotshintsho oluphawulekayo kwiimpawu zayo zekhemikhali okanye iimpawu zokusebenza. Iipolima zeThermoplastic zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukupakishwa, iinxalenye zeemoto, izinto zombane, kunye nezixhobo zonyango, phakathi kwabanye.

Iipolymers ze-Thermoplastic zahlulwa kwezinye iindidi zeepolymers, ezinje nge-thermosetting polymers kunye ne-elastomers, ngokukwazi kwazo ukunyibilika kunye nokuguqulwa kwamaxesha amaninzi. Oku kungenxa yokuba iipholima ze-thermoplastic zenziwe ngamatyathanga amade eemolekyuli ezibanjelwe kunye ngamandla angenamandla e-intermolecular. Xa ubushushu busetyenziselwa i-polymer ye-thermoplastic, le mikhosi ye-intermolecular iyancipha, ivumela amatyathanga ukuba ahambe ngokukhululekileyo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zeepolima ze-thermoplastic kukuguquguquka kwazo. Zinokuqulunqwa ukuba zibe noluhlu olubanzi lweempawu zomzimba kunye noomatshini, kubandakanya ukuguquguquka, ukuqina, amandla, kunye nokumelana nobushushu, iikhemikhali, kunye nemitha ye-UV. Oku kubenza bafaneleke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo ezifuna iimpawu ezithile zokusebenza.

Enye inzuzo yeepolima ze-thermoplastic kukulula kwazo ukusetyenzwa. Ngenxa yokuba zinokunyibilikiswa kwaye ziguqulwe amatyeli amaninzi, zinokubunjwa ngokulula zibe ziimilo ezintsonkothileyo kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule, njengokubumba inaliti, i-extrusion, ukubumba ukuvuthela, kunye ne-thermoforming. Oku kubenza ukhetho olungabizi kakhulu kwimveliso yobuninzi yamacandelo kunye namacandelo.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zeepolymers ze-thermoplastic, nganye ineseti yayo ekhethekileyo yeepropati kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo ziquka:

1. Polyethylene (PE): I-polymer ye-thermoplastic esetyenziswa ngokubanzi eyaziwayo ngexabiso eliphantsi, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokuchasana neempembelelo kunye neekhemikhali. Isetyenziswa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukupakishwa, imibhobho, kunye nokugquma ucingo.
2. Iipolypropylene (PP): Enye i-polymer ye-thermoplastic esetyenziswa ngokubanzi eyaziwayo ngokuqina kwayo, ukuqina, kunye nokuchasana nobushushu kunye neekhemikhali. Isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iinxalenye zeemoto, ukupakishwa, kunye nezixhobo zonyango.
3. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC): Ipolima ye-thermoplastic eyaziwa ngokuguquguquka kwayo, ukuqina, kunye nokuchasana nomlilo kunye neekhemikhali. Isetyenziswa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa imibhobho, ukugquma ucingo, kunye nomgangatho.
4. I-Polystyrene (PS): Ipolymer ye-thermoplastic eyaziwa ngokucaca kwayo, ukuqina, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Isetyenziswa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukupakishwa, iikomityi ezilahlwayo, kunye nokugquma.
5. I-Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS): I-polymer ye-thermoplastic eyaziwa ngokuba namandla, ukuqina, kunye nokuchasana nokushisa kunye neempembelelo. Isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iinxalenye zemoto, iithoyi, kunye ne-elektroniki.

Ukongeza kwezi polymers ze-thermoplastic ziqhelekileyo, zininzi ezinye iindidi ezikhoyo, nganye ineempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya i-polycarbonate (PC), i-polyamide (PA), i-polyethylene terephthalate (PET), kunye ne-fluoropolymers ezifana ne-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

Lilonke, iipolima ze-thermoplastic lukhetho oluguquguqukayo nolunexabiso elisebenzayo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ukukwazi kwabo ukunyibilika kunye nokuguqulwa kwamaxesha amaninzi, kudibaniswa noluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezibonakalayo kunye noomatshini, benza ukuba babe yimpahla ebalulekileyo kumashishini amaninzi.