Ukuguqulwa Komzimba kwePolypropylene
Ukwengeza izithasiselo eziphilayo noma ezingezona ezingokwemvelo ku-PP ( polypropylene ) matrix ngesikhathi senqubo yokuxuba nokuhlanganisa ukuze kutholakale izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-PP ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Izindlela eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ukuguqulwa kokugcwalisa nokuguqulwa kokuxuba.
Ukugcwalisa ukuguqulwa
Enqubweni yokubumba ye-PP, izigcwalisi ezifana ne-silicates, i-calcium carbonate, i-silica, i-cellulose, ne-glass fibers yengezwe ku-polymer ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokushisa, ukunciphisa izindleko, ukwandisa ukuqina, nokunciphisa ukubunjwa kwe-PP. Nokho, amandla omthelela nokunwetshwa kwe-PP kuzokwehla. I-Glass fiber, njengentshebe ye-inorganic non-metallic enhle kakhulu, inenani eliphansi, ukufakwa kahle kwezinto, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala, namandla aphezulu okusebenza. Isetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi ukusebenza kwe-PP okushintshiwe ngokugcwaliswa kwe-glass fiber kuthuthukiswa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-fiber yengilazi kufinyelela cishe ku-30%, izakhiwo zemishini yezinto ezibonakalayo zingathuthukiswa kakhulu. Ukwengezwa ngokweqile komucu wengilazi kungaholela ekungeneni okwanele kweminye imicu yengilazi, okuholela ekusebenzeni kabi kwesibopho phakathi kwe-polymer matrix nemicu yengilazi, okuholela ekwehleni kwamandla emishini yezinto eziyinhlanganisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba okuqukethwe kwe-fiber yengilazi kwanda, ukugeleza kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe kuncipha, okuholela ebunzimeni ekubumbeni nasekucutshungulweni kwe-PP.
Ukulungiswa kokuhlanganisa
Ukuhlanganisa i-PP (i-polypropylene) ne-polyethylene, amapulasitiki obunjiniyela, ama-thermoplastic elastomers noma irabha ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-PP. Ukuguqulwa kokuhlanganisa kuqediwe ekucubunguleni imishini efana nezixube zangaphakathi, izigayo ezivulekile, nama-extruder. Inqubo kulula ukuyilawula, inomjikelezo omfushane wokukhiqiza, nezindleko eziphansi, futhi ingathuthukisa izici ezihlukahlukene ze-PP ezifana nokubalabala, ukucutshungulwa, izakhiwo ze-antistatic, nokumelana nomthelela. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-polymer kungasebenzisa ngokuphelele izici ezivelele zengxenye ngayinye, kwenzele ukushiyeka kwezakhiwo zengxenye ngayinye, futhi kuthuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza okuphelele kwenhlanganisela. Kodwa-ke, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokumelana nokuguga kwe-PP ehlanganisiwe akukalungi. Ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa, amandla e-shear angase abangele ukuba amaketanga amakhulu amangqamuzana asikwe futhi akhe ama-radicals mahhala, angakha ama-graft noma avimbe ama-copolymers futhi asebenze ngokuphumelelayo njengezihlanganisi ze-PP.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuguqula i-PP buye bandisa kakhulu inkambu yokusetshenziswa kwezinto eziyinhlanganisela futhi bathuthukisa ukonga kwezindleko kwemikhiqizo, bakhuthaza inqubo yobunjiniyela be-PP, futhi banweba uhla lwabo lokusebenza kusuka kumapulasitiki ajwayelekile kuya kumapulasitiki obunjiniyela. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuguqula i-PP kuye kwathuthuka ngokushesha, futhi kwanda kakhulu ubuchwepheshe obusha obusetshenzisiwe ekuguquleni i-PP, okuye kwathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-PP futhi yandisa ngokuqhubekayo insimu yayo yohlelo lokusebenza, ngamathemba entuthuko ebanzi.
Ukuguqulwa kokuqinisa
Ukwengeza izinto ze-fibrous kumapulasitiki kungathuthukisa kakhulu amandla ezinto zepulasitiki, yingakho igama lokuguqulwa kokuqinisa. Izinto ezinesilinganiso esikhulu sobubanzi kuya kobukhulu zingathuthukisa kakhulu i-modulus egobayo (ukuqina) kwezinto zepulasitiki, ezingabizwa nangokuthi ukuguqulwa kokuqinisa.
Izinto zokuqinisa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuqiniseni ukuguqulwa kwe-PP (i-polypropylene) yi-glass fiber kanye nemikhiqizo yayo, kanye ne-carbon fiber, i-organic fiber, i-boron fiber, i-whiskers, njll. ikakhulukazi imicu yengilazi engeyona eye-alkali kanye nemicu yengilazi ye-alkali emaphakathi, enemicu yengilazi engeyona eye-alkali enenani elikhulu kakhulu. Ububanzi bemicu yengilazi bulawulwa ngaphakathi kwebanga le-6-15μm, futhi ubude bemicu yengilazi kufanele buqinisekiswe ukuthi bungaphakathi kuka-0.25-0.76mm, okungaqinisekisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo futhi kwenze imicu yengilazi ihlakazeke kahle.
Ngokuvamile kunenkolelo yokuthi ubude bemicu yengilazi emkhiqizweni kufanele bube bukhulu kuno-0.2mm ukuze kube nomphumela wokuguqula. Okuqukethwe kwe-fiber yengilazi (ingxenyana yobuningi) kuhle kakhulu phakathi kuka-10% no-30%, futhi ukusebenza kuyehla uma kudlula ama-40%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwengeza ama-organosilane coupling agents kungenza imicu yengilazi futhi i-PP yakhe isikhombimsebenzisi esihle, ithuthukise i-modulus egobayo, ubulukhuni, izinga lokushisa lokushintsha komthwalo, futhi ikakhulukazi ukuzinza kwe-dimensional yesistimu eyinhlanganisela. I-Glass fiber eqiniswe i-PP ingathuthukisa amandla emishini nokumelana nokushisa, futhi ukumelana kwayo nomhwamuko wamanzi, ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali, kanye nokukhasa nakho kuhle. Ingasetshenziswa njengamapulasitiki wobunjiniyela ezikhathini eziningi, njengama-fan blades, ama-heater grilles, ama-impellers, ama-lampshades, iziko likagesi, nezindlu zokushisa, njll.
Nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwe-polypropylene kukhula ngokushesha, ukusebenza kwayo kubuye kuthuthuke njalo, okwenza ububanzi bokusebenza nokujula kushintsha njalo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezinye izinhlobo ezintsha ze-polypropylene ezinezakhiwo eziyingqayizivele ziye zavela, njenge-polypropylene esobala kanye ne-high-melt-strength polypropylene, noma ngokuthuthukiswa kokusabela kwe-polymerization noma izinyathelo ezithathwe ngesikhathi se-granulation ngemva kwe-polymerization.
