Ọdịiche nke LDPE, HDPE, na LLDPE
Polyethylene bụ otu n'ime nnukwu resin sịntetik ise, na China ugbu a bụ onye na-ebubata na nke abụọ kasị ukwuu nke polyethylene. A na-ekewa Polyethylene ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu njupụta polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene dị ala (LDPE), polyethylene dị ala linear (LLDPE) atọ.
Ntụle nke akụrụngwa HDPE, LDPE na LLDPE
| HDPE | LDPE | LLDPE | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isi nsi | Na-adịghị egbu egbu, enweghị ụtọ, isi ísì | Na-adịghị egbu egbu, enweghị ụtọ, isi ísì | Na-adịghị egbu egbu, enweghị ụtọ, isi ísì |
| njupụta | 0.940 ~ 0.976g (cm 3 | 0.910 ~ 0.940g / cm3 | 0.915 ~ 0.935g / cm3 |
| Crystalline | 85-65% | 45-65% | 55-65% |
| Ọdịdị molekụla | Nwere naanị carbon-carbon na carbon-hydrogen bond, nke na-achọkwu ume iji mebie | Ndị polymer nwere obere molekụla dị arọ ma chọọ obere ume iji mebie | Ọ nwere usoro ahịrị dị obere, ụdọ ndị nwere alaka, na agbụ dị mkpụmkpụ, ọ na-achọkwa obere ume iji gbajie. |
| ebe nro | 125-135 ℃ | 90-100 ℃ | 94-108 ℃ |
| Ụdị ihe omume | Ike dị elu, ịdị mma dị mma, ike siri ike | Ike igwe adịghị mma | Ike dị elu, ịdị mma dị mma, ike siri ike |
| Ike ọdụdọ | elu | Low | elu |
| Elongation na ezumike | elu | Low | elu |
| Ike mmetụta | elu | Low | elu |
| Igwe anaghị egbochi mmiri na arụmọrụ mmiri | Ọdịiche dị mma na mmiri, ikuku mmiri na ikuku, obere mmiri na-anabata ya, yana ezigbo mgbochi mgbochi | Mmiri na-adịghị mma na ihe mgbochi ikuku | Ọdịiche dị mma na mmiri, ikuku mmiri na ikuku, obere mmiri na-anabata ya, yana ezigbo mgbochi mgbochi |
| Acid, alkali, corrosion, organic mgbaze na-eguzogide | Na-eguzogide corrosion site na oxidants siri ike; na-eguzogide acid, alkali na nnu dị iche iche; a na-apụghị sosoluble na ihe ọ bụla organic solvents, wdg. | Na-eguzogide acid, alkali na nnu ngwọta corrosion, ma adịghị mma ihe mgbaze na-eguzogide | Na-eguzogide acid, alkalis na ihe mgbaze organic |
| Okpomọkụ/oyi na-eguzogide | Ọ nwere ezigbo nguzogide okpomọkụ na nguzogide oyi, ọbụlagodi na ụlọ okpomọkụ na ọbụna na obere okpomọkụ nke -40F. Ọ nwere mmetụta dị mma na-eguzogide ya na obere okpomọkụ embrittlement okpomọkụ bụ | Obere okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, obere okpomọkụ embrittlement okpomọkụ | Ezigbo nguzogide okpomọkụ na nguzogide oyi, obere okpomọkụ embrittlement okpomọkụ |
| Na-eguzogide mgbawa nrụgide gburugburu ebe obibi | mma | mma | mma |
Polyethylene dị elu
HDPE adịghị egbu egbu, enweghị ụtọ, enweghị isi, ma nwee njupụta nke 0.940 ~ 0.976g / cm3, nke bụ ngwaahịa polymerization n'okpuru ọnọdụ nrụgide dị ala n'okpuru catalysis nke Ziegler catalyst, ya mere a na-akpọ polyethylene dị elu dị ka obere nrụgide. polyethylene.
uru:
HDPE bụ resin thermoplastic na-abụghị polar nke nwere kristal dị elu nke ethylene copolymerization kpụrụ. Ọdịdị nke HDPE mbụ ahụ bụ mmiri ara ehi na-acha ọcha, ọ na-atụgharịkwa ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ na mpaghara obere. Ọ nwere ezigbo nguzogide nke ọtụtụ kemịkalụ ụlọ na nke ụlọ ọrụ, ọ nwekwara ike iguzogide corrosion na mgbasa nke oxidants siri ike (ntụpọ nitric acid), acid acid na alkali salts na organic solvents (carbon tetrachloride). Na polymer anaghị etinye mmiri mmiri ma nwee ezigbo mmiri na-eguzogide mmiri, nke a pụrụ iji mee ihe maka mmiri na nchebe mmiri.
ọghọm:
Ihe ọghọm bụ na nguzogide ịka nká na mgbawa gburugburu ebe obibi adịghị mma dị ka LDPE, karịsịa oxidation thermal ga-ebelata arụmọrụ ya, ya mere polyethylene dị elu na-agbakwụnye antioxidants na ultraviolet absorbers iji meziwanye adịghị ike ya mgbe ọ na-eme mpịakọta plastik.
Obere Igwe polyethylene
LDPE anaghị egbu egbu, enweghị ụtọ, enweghị isi, ma nwee njupụta nke 0.910 ~ 0.940g/cm3. Ọ bụ polymerized na oxygen ma ọ bụ organic peroxide dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali n'okpuru elu mgbali nke 100 ~ 300MPa, makwaara dị ka elu-nrụgide polyethylene.
uru:
Polyethylene njupụta dị ala bụ ụdị resin polyethylene kacha dị mfe. E jiri ya tụnyere polyethylene dị elu, kristal ya (55% -65%) na ebe nro (90-100 ℃) dị ala. Ọ nwere ezigbo nro, extensibility, nghọta, nguzogide oyi na nhazi. Nkwụsi ike nke kemịkal ya dị mma, nwere ike iguzogide acid, alkali na nnu ngwọta mmiri; Ezigbo mkpuchi ọkụ na ikuku gas; Ntinye mmiri dị ala; Ọ dị mfe ọkụ. Ngwongwo ahụ dị nro, nke nwere ezi extensibility, mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik, nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ, nhazi nhazi na nguzogide okpomọkụ dị ala (nguzogide -70 ℃).
ọghọm:
Ihe ọghọm ya bụ na ike nrụpụta ya, mkpuchi mmiri, mkpuchi gas na nguzogide ihe mgbaze adịghị mma. Ọdịdị molekụla adịghị adịkarị, kristal (55% -65%) dị ala, ebe mgbaze kristal (108-126 ℃) dịkwa ala. Ike ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ala karịa nke polyethylene dị elu, ọnụ ọgụgụ ya na-egbochi seepage, nkwụsị ọkụ na mgbochi ịka nká adịghị mma, ọ dịkwa mfe ire ere na discolor n'okpuru ìhè anyanwụ ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ dị elu, na-akpata ọdịda nke arụmọrụ, ya mere polyethylene dị obere na-agbakwụnye antioxidants na ultraviolet absorbers iji meziwanye adịghị ike ya mgbe ọ na-eme mpempe akwụkwọ plastik.
Polyethylene njupụta dị ala
LLDPE anaghị egbu egbu, enweghị ụtọ, enweghị isi, ma nwee njupụta n'etiti 0.915 na 0.935g/cm3. Ọ bụ copolymer nke ethylene na obere ego nke alpha-olefin dị elu (dị ka butene-1, hexene-1, octene-1, tetrmethylpentene-1, wdg) polymerized n'okpuru nrụgide dị elu ma ọ bụ nrụgide dị ala n'okpuru omume nke onye na-eme ihe. . Ihe eji mara usoro ihe omimi nke LLDPE a na-ahụkarị site na ọkpụkpụ azụ ya kwụ ọtọ, nwere ụdọ ole na ole ma ọ bụ enweghị ogologo ogologo, mana nwere ụfọdụ ụdọ mkpirisi alaka. Enweghị eriri ogologo alaka na-eme ka polymer dịkwuo kristal.
E jiri ya tụnyere LDPE, LLDPE nwere uru nke ike dị elu, ịdị mma siri ike, siri ike siri ike, nguzogide okpomọkụ, nguzogide oyi, wdg, ma nwekwara ike iguzogide nrụgide gburugburu ebe obibi, ike akwa na ihe ndị ọzọ, ma nwee ike iguzogide acid, alkali. organic solvents na na.
Usoro dị iche
LDPE: njirimara mmetụta: mmetụta dị nro; White transperent, ma nghọta bụ nkezi. Nchọpụta nsure ọkụ: ọkụ na-ere ọkụ na-acha odo odo na-acha anụnụ anụnụ; Mgbe ị na-ere ọkụ na-enweghị anwụrụ ọkụ, a na-enwe isi paraffin, na-agbaze na-agbaze, dị mfe ise waya.
LLDPE: LLDPE nwere ike ịza na kọntaktị na benzene ruo ogologo oge, wee bụrụ nke na-agwụ ike na kọntaktị na HCL ruo ogologo oge.
HDPE: Ọnọdụ nhazi nke LDPE dị ala, ihe dị ka ogo 160, na njupụta bụ 0.918 ruo 0.932 grams / cubic centimita. HDPE nhazi okpomọkụ dị elu, ihe dị ka ogo 180, njupụta ahụ dịkwa elu.
Summary
Na nchịkọta, ụdị ihe atọ ndị a dị n'elu na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa ha n'ụdị dị iche iche nke injinia mgbochi mmiri. HDPE, LDPE na LLDPE ụdị atọ dị iche iche nwere ihe mkpuchi dị mma na ihe na-egosi mmiri, enweghị ike, adịghị egbu egbu, enweghị ụtọ, arụmọrụ na-enweghị isi na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ ugbo, aquaculture, ọdọ mmiri artificial, reservoirs, ngwa osimiri dịkwa oke oke, yana site na Ministri. nke Agriculture of China Fisheries Bureau, Shanghai AcadEmy nke Sayensị Azụ Azụ, Institute of Machinery Machinery na ngwa iji kwalite na ịkwalite ngwa a.
Na gburugburu ebe obibi nke acid siri ike, alkalis siri ike, oxidants siri ike na ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ, ihe onwunwe nke HDPE na LLDPE nwere ike ịme nke ọma ma tinye ya n'ọrụ, karịsịa HDPE dị elu karịa ihe abụọ ndị ọzọ n'ihe gbasara iguzogide acid siri ike, siri ike. alkalis, ike oxidation Njirimara na iguzogide organic solvents. Ya mere, ejirila eriri mgbochi corrosion HDPE zuru oke na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ na ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi.
LDPE nwekwara ezigbo acid, alkali, njirimara ngwọta nnu, ma nwee ezigbo extensibility, mkpuchi eletriki, nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ, arụmọrụ nhazi na nguzogide okpomọkụ dị ala, ya mere a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na ọrụ ugbo, aquaculture nchekwa mmiri, nkwakọ ngwaahịa, karịsịa obere okpomọkụ nkwakọ na ihe USB.
