Ọmụmụ ihe na mkpuchi mkpuchi ntụ ntụ nke polyethylene maka igbe batrị

nkịtị

E mepụtara ụdị mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene isii maka igbe batrị site na mgbanwe ngwakọta nke polyethylene nwere ihe dị iche iche. Site na ịnwale ọsọ mmiri ịgbaze, ihe onwunwe igwe, na iguzogide acid nke ihe nkiri mkpuchi nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene nke enwetara site na atụmatụ ngwakọta dị iche iche, a kpuchiri usoro mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene nwere arụmọrụ zuru oke kacha mma. Mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene akwadoro nwere ike izute ihe achọrọ maka ọkwa elu nke igbe batrị, ma n'otu oge ahụ nwere ihe onwunwe igwe dị mma na iguzogide kemịkalụ, nke nwere ike imeziwanye ndụ ọrụ nke igbe batrị nke ọma.

Keywords

Igbe batrị; Polyethylene; Ngwakọta; Ihe mkpuchi ntụ ntụ
Koodu mpaghara:: TQ637.82
Koodu akwụkwọ: A

1 Okwu Mmalite

Site na ihe ndị a na-achọsi ike maka nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi, ịchịkwa ikuku ikuku gas na ibelata mmetọ ikuku aghọwo ihe dị mkpa na-egosi nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi [1].

Ụgbọ ala mmanụ ụgbọala ọdịnala na-ejikarị mmanụ ọkụ eme ihe dị ka isi iyi ike, na ihe ndọghachi azụ ha kacha njọ bụ mpụta nke nnukwu gas na-ekpochapụ, nke na-emerụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke ukwuu. N'ụzọ dị iche, ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ na-eji batrị nchekwa dị ka ike traction adịghị emepụta ikuku ikuku na-emetọghị ikuku, ya mere ahịa na-enwewanye mmasị na ha [2].

N'oge ndụ ọrụ nke igbe batrị mmepụta ihe, batrị batrị na-emebi ha, nke na-eme ka mmebi na ọdịda nke igbe ahụ dịkwuo elu. Ya mere, mgbochi corrosion nke igbe batrị na-abụkarị isiokwu nyocha na-ekpo ọkụ. A na-ejikarị carbon steel eme igbe batrị ụlọ ọrụ, nke n'onwe ya na-enweghị ezigbo ọrụ mgbochi corrosion [3].

Ya mere, naanị site n'ịrụ ọgwụgwọ elu n'ime ime na mgbidi nke igbe ahụ nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ mgbochi corrosion ha nke ọma. Nkà na ụzụ ọgwụgwọ elu nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ itinye akwa mkpuchi mgbochi corrosion n'elu igbe ahụ, a na-achọkwa mkpuchi ọ bụghị nanị iguzogide oke mmiri acid kamakwa na-agbasochi anya na mkpụrụ.

Ihe mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene na-abụkarị polyethylene resin, ihe mgbakwunye, ihe njupụta, agba, wdg. Ha bụ mkpuchi ntụ ntụ thermoplastic nwere ezigbo iguzogide kemịkalụ ma dị oke ọnụ ahịa.

N'iburu n'uche ihe mgbochi corrosion chọrọ nke igbe batrị, yana ihe ndị a chọrọ maka ọdịdị na ọnụ ahịa, mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene bụ nhọrọ mkpuchi mkpuchi nke akụ na ụba ga-ekwe omume. Otú ọ dị, enwere esemokwu n'etiti ihe eji arụ ọrụ na mmiri mmiri nke polyethylene. Polyethylene uzuzu mkpuchi na-esikarị ike inwe ma ọkaibe dị mma na ihe eji arụ ọrụ, ya mere a ga-agbanwe ha iji mezuo ihe mkpuchi nke igbe batrị. N'ime ọmụmụ ihe a, site na ngwakọta nke polyethylene nwere ihe dị iche iche, a na-emepụta ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene maka igbe batrị. Nke a mkpuchi nwere magburu onwe n'ibu Njirimara, chemical iguzogide, elu adhesion, na mma elu larịị.

2 Ngalaba nnwale

2.1 Ngwa na akụrụngwa nnwale

2.1.1 Akụrụngwa

• Polyethylene (PE-A, PE-B, PE-C): Sinopec;
• Polyethylene (PE-D): Dow Chemical;
• Polyethylene (PE-E): Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., Japan;
• Polyethylene adhesive (MAH-g-PE): Ụdị SZ-07, Huangshan Beno Technology;
• Antioxidant: Ụdị K7001, Luan JIENT;
• Ihe nkwụnye ọkụ: Ụdị UV531, BASF;
• Polyethylene wax na-eme ihe na-asọ asọ: Ụlọ ọrụ mgbakwunye Shanghai;
• Onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe: Ụdị Hyperform HPN-20E, Milliken Chemical, USA;
• Carbon ojii pigmenti: Model R600R, Cabot.

2.1.2 Ngwá ọrụ

• Twin-screw extruder: Model T-35, Nanjing Rub Machine, Ltd.;
• Igwe vulcanizing efere: Model XLB-D, Huzhou Shyn Machinery Co., Ltd.;
• Ihe nleba anya mgbakasị gburugburu ebe obibi: Model NYK-06, ChengdeTesting Equipment Co., Ltd.;
• Igwe nyocha nke ụwa maka plastik: Model WDS-3, Boyi InstruEquipment Co., Ltd.

2.2 Ụzọ nnwale

2.2.1 Nkwadebe nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ

A na-atụle ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe dị ka usoro dị na Tebụl 1 ma tinye ya na igwekota maka ngwakọta ngwa ngwa. A na-agbakwunye ngwakọta ahụ na ejima-screw extruder maka agbaze extrusion granulation na 160 ° C. A na-etinye granules n'ime igwe nri ka a gwerie ya ka ọ bụrụ ntụ ntụ, na-esote nhazi na sieving.

Isiokwu 1 Usoro nke mkpuchi mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene

2.2.2 Nkwadebe nke mkpuchi mkpuchi

E jiri usoro mmịpụta ihe ndina dị nro kwadebe ihe mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene n'elu igbe batrị. E buru ụzọ jiri ájá gbazee elu igbe batrị ahụ, wee kpoo ya ọkụ ruo 250-350°C n'ime oven. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-etinye ihe mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene site na mmịpụta ihe ndina dị nro, a na-ejikwa okpomọkụ fọdụrụ nke ihe eji arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ site n'itinye ya n'ime oven.

2.2.3 Nkwadebe nke Sample maka Nnwale arụmọrụ

A na-edozi ihe nlele maka ịnwale ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke ntụ ntụ polyethylene site na ịkpụzi mkpakọ.

2.3 Nlele arụmọrụ

• A nwalere ọnụego ịgbaze agbaze (MFR) nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene dị ka GB / T 3682-2018 si dị;
• A nwalere arụmọrụ mgbawa gburugburu ebe obibi (ESC) nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene dịka GB / T 1842-2008;
• A nwalere ihe ndị na-adịghị ike nke polyethylene uzuzu mkpuchi dịka GB / T 1040.2-2018;
• A nwalere nguzogide acid nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene site na iji 30% (ọnụego oke) sulfuric acid solution dị ka GB / T 11547-2008;
• A nwalere adhesion nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene dịka GB / T 9286-2008 si dị.

E gosipụtara ihe ngosi arụmọrụ bụ isi nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene maka igbe batrị na tebụl 2.

Tebụl 2 Ndị na-egosi arụmọrụ bụ isi nke mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene maka igbe batrị

3 Nsonaazụ na Mkparịta ụka

3.1 Nyocha arụmọrụ nke Polyethylene

Nyochaa usoro arụmọrụ nke ụdị polyethylene dị iche iche bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ịmepụta usoro nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene agwakọta. N'ime ọmụmụ ihe a, a na-ahọrọ ụdị 5 dị iche iche nke polyethylene dị ka ihe eji eme ihe maka mkpuchi ntụ ntụ, a nwalekwara ihe onwunwe ha dịka ụkpụrụ ndị dị mkpa. E gosipụtara nsonaazụ ya na tebụl 3.

Dị ka a pụrụ ịhụ na Tebụl 3, PE-A na PE-B nwere oke agbaze agbaze, n'ihi ya, ha nwere ike izute ihe ndị a chọrọ maka ọkwa elu elu nke mkpuchi. Agbanyeghị, ike nke PE-A na PE-B adịghị mma. The elongation na nkwụsị nke PE-A bụ naanị 100%, na ya nchegbu cracking oge na-eguzogide bụ naanị 1 h, n'ihi ya, ọ pụghị izute n'ibu ihe onwunwe chọrọ nke batrị igbe mkpuchi. PE-C bụ polyethylene dị obere njupụta nke nwere oke agbaze na-agafe agafe, nke nwere ike imezu ihe a chọrọ n'ọkwa nke mkpuchi nkịtị, mana ike ya adịghịkwa mma. Ma PE-D na PE-E bụ metallocene linear obere njupụta polyethylene, ma ha abụọ nwere ezigbo ike na ike tensile. Ihe dị iche bụ na PE-E nwere ntụzịaka mgbaze mgbaze dị oke ala, nke na-enweghị ike iru ihe achọrọ nha nha nha.

Tebụl 3 Njirimara nke ụdị polyethylene dị iche iche

3.2 Nhọrọ na nkwalite nke Polyethylene

Mgbaze agbaze agbaze (MFR) nke polyethylene bụ ihe na-egosi na ọ na-eme ka mmiri dị na polyethylene dị na steeti na-agbaze ọkụ, ma ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ na-anọchi anya mmetụta larịị nke mkpuchi polyethylene. N'ozuzu, ọnụ ahịa MFR dị elu, otú ahụ ka mmetụta nhazi ọkwa dị mma. Otú ọ dị, ka uru MFR dị elu dị elu, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke polyethylene na-adị ala na-adịwanye ala, na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ ya na-akawanye njọ. Ya mere, ọ na-esikarị ike izute ihe ndị a chọrọ nke ma mmiri mmiri na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'otu oge ahụ, nke a na-enyochakwa site na nyocha nke a gosipụtara na tebụl 3. Ọ bụrụ na a na-ejikọta polyethylene nwere ihe dị iche iche ma jiri ya mee ihe iji mee ka ngwakọta ahụ nwee ma ihe dị mma nke mmiri na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe, n'ụzọ doro anya, mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene na ihe zuru oke na-ezute ihe ndị a chọrọ.

Tebụl 4 Atụmatụ ngwakọta dị iche iche

 Enwere ike ịhụ site na tebụl 3 na ma PE-A na PE-B nwere oke agbaze agbaze, ma PE-B nwere ike ịdị elu dị elu, ya mere enwere ike iji PE-B mee ihe dị ka ihe matriks iji meziwanye mmiri nke ngwakọta; PE-D na PE-E nwere ezigbo ihe eji arụ ọrụ ma enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe matriks iji meziwanye ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke ngwakọta. Otú ọ dị, PE-E nwere obere agbaze agbaze, n'ihi ya, ọ dịghị adabara dị ka ihe matrix. N'ihi na polyethylene nwere nnukwu nkezi ikwu molekul uka, dị ka PE-E, yinye entanglement njupụta dị elu na eruba ọnụego bụ ala. Otú ọ dị, mgbe a na-etinye ya n'ime ibu dị n'èzí, usoro mkpụrụ ya na-abụkarị nrụrụ nke shear, na nrịanrịa molekụla doro anya adịghị mfe ime, ya mere ọ nwere ike dị elu na ike [6]. Ya mere, PE-B na PE-D na-agwakọta n'ụzọ dị iche iche iji kwadebe ngwakọta polyethylene gbanwetụrụ. N'otu oge ahụ, iji meziwanye ike njikọ dị n'etiti mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene na igbe igbe batrị, a ga-agbakwunye ego kwesịrị ekwesị nke polyethylene adhesive (MAH-g-PE). Ihe nrapado polyethylene bụ ihe nkedo a kwadebere site na ịdodo anhydride maleic na polyethylene. N'ikpeazụ, a haziri atụmatụ ngwakọta 6 dị iche iche, dị ka egosiri na Tebụl 4.

3.3 Nyocha arụmọrụ nke mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene ntụ ntụ

Na ndabere nke Tebụl 1, dị ka atụmatụ ngwakọta na tebụl 4 si dị, a na-agwakọta ihe ndị dị ndụ, na-agbapụta, na-egweri iji kwadebe mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene. A nwalere ọnụego ịgbaze agbaze, ihe ndị na-agbaze, nrụgide mgbawa, na nguzogide acid nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ dị ka ụkpụrụ mba siri dị. E gosipụtara nsonaazụ ya na tebụl 5.

Tebụl 5 Nsonaazụ Nleba arụmọrụ nke atụmatụ ngwakọta dị iche iche

Dị ka a na-ahụ na Tebụl 5, mgbaze agbaze nke ngwakọta na-ebelata ngwa ngwa na mmụba nke oke nke PE-D. Nke a bụ tumadi n'ihi na mgbe PE-B (na obere ikwu molekụla uka) na-agwakọta na PE-D (na elu ikwu molekul uka) na agbaze-extruded site extruder, ogologo molekụla agbụ na-ekpuchi molekụla agbụ nke mkpụmkpụ molekụla, na-akpata mbelata ngwa ngwa na agbaze eruba ọnụego. Ya mere, ihe mgbakwunye nke polyethylene nke nwere obere mmiri na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na mmiri nke ngwakọta ahụ, a ga-etinyekwa nlebara anya pụrụ iche na mgbakwunye ya mgbe ị na-emepụta usoro nke ngwakọta polyethylene ntụ ntụ. Site n'echiche ọzọ, a pụkwara imeziwanye mmiri nke PE-D (polyethylene nwere obere mmiri mmiri) nke ọma mgbe agwakọtara ya na PE-B (polyethylene nwere oke mmiri dị elu). Nke a bụ n'ihi na enwere ike ịtinye polyethylene nwere agbụ molekụla dị mkpụmkpụ n'ime polyethylene nwere agbụ molekụla ogologo, na-eme ka ọ guzobe usoro dị larịị, si otú ahụ na-ebelata njikọ nke agbụ molekụla. Ndị na-eme mgbanwe na-efe efe maka polyethylene dị elu na-ejikọta ya na-ejikarị ụkpụrụ a eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma nke polyethylene [7].

A pụkwara ịchọta ya na tebụl 5 na ike nkwụsị na elongation na nkwụsịtụ nke ngwakọta polyethylene ntụ ntụ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye na mmụba nke mgbakwunye nke PE-D, na-egosi na ndakọrịta n'etiti ụdị abụọ nke polyethylene dị mma. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ụkpụrụ enthalpy na entropy nke PE-B na PE-D yiri ya, n'ihi ya, ọ dịghị mgbanwe ọ bụla na ike efu nke ngwakọta, na ndakọrịta n'etiti ụdị abụọ nke polyethylene dị elu. E jiri ya tụnyere atụmatụ 1, atụmatụ 6 nwere mmụba dị ukwuu na ike, elongation na nkwụsịtụ na-abawanye ugboro 2, na mkpuchi mkpuchi na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma. Ọ bụ ezie na ike mkpuchi na ike siri ike na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma site na mmụba nke mgbakwunye nke PE-D, ọnụ ọgụgụ ọganihu dị ntakịrị karịa mbelata ọnụego nke agbaze agbaze. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ntinye nke PE-B na-ebelata njupụta nke agbụ molekụla nke PE-D, na-eme ka agbụ molecular na-asọpụta na-eme n'oge usoro ịgbatị ahụ, ebe mmetụta ịkpachasị ahụ na-esiwanye ike.

Maka mkpuchi polyethylene nke etinyere n'elu igbe batrị ahụ, ntọhapụ nrụgide na-akpata site n'echiche nke ihe owuwu dị n'ime ime ka ọ kwụsie ike na nrụgide nrụgide nke e guzobere na mpaghara nkuku nwere ike ime ka mkpuchi mkpuchi. Ya mere, nrụgide mgbawa mgbawa bụ ụkpụrụ dị mkpa iji tụọ ndụ ọrụ nke mkpuchi. Enwere ike ịhụ ya site na nyocha nyocha nke gburugburu ebe obibi na Tebụl 5 na nrụgide mgbawa nke mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene na-adabere na ike ya, ya bụ, elu mkpuchi mkpuchi ahụ, ka mma na-eme ka nrụgide na-agbawa agbawa. PE-D nwere ike imeziwanye nkwụsi ike mgbawa nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene agwakọtara.

Ihe mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene maka igbe batrị na-emebi emebi site na batrị acid mgbe niile, yabụ na ọ ga-enwerịrị arụmọrụ mgbochi corrosion dị mma. Enwere ike ịhụ ya site na nsonaazụ nyocha nke acid acid na Tebụl 5 na mgbe mkpuchi polyethylene ntụ ntụ kwadebere nke atụmatụ 1 na-emikpu na ngwọta acid, ọ dịghị egosipụta ma ọ bụ mgbasa, ma ọzịza siri ike na-eme, na mkpuchi mkpuchi mkpuchi bụ naanị 5; ma e jiri ya tụnyere atụmatụ 1, mkpuchi nke atụmatụ 2 kwadebere nwere ntakịrị ọzịza mgbe mmiri acid mebichara ya, na nrapanye ahụ ruru ọkwa 3; ihe mkpuchi polyethylene nke a kwadebere site na atụmatụ ndị ọzọ enweghị ihe ọ bụla doro anya na-emebi emebi, na mkpuchi mkpuchi nwere ike iru n'elu ọkwa 1. Metallocene PE-D n'onwe ya nwere nguzogide kemịkalụ dị mma, ya mere, site na mmụba nke ntanye nke ego mgbakwunye ya, a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-arụ ọrụ mgbochi corrosion nke mkpuchi.

Site na ule arụmọrụ nke mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene nke nwere usoro dị iche iche e mere n'elu, nsonaazụ na-egosi na mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene nke atụmatụ 3 na atụmatụ 4 kwadoro ọ bụghị nanị na ọ nwere nnukwu mmiri mmiri, kamakwa ọ nwere ihe ndị dị mma na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, nke nwere ike izute ọrụ chọrọ nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ maka igbe batrị. N'ozuzu, ọnụ ọgụgụ na-agbaze agbaze nke polyethylene ntụ ntụ dị elu, na-eme ka arụmọrụ dị elu dịkwuo mma ma na-eme ka mkpuchi ahụ dịkwuo mma. Mgbe ọnụego agbaze agbaze nke mkpuchi ntụ ntụ polyethylene a na-ejikarị dị elu karịa 10 g / (10 min), ọ nwere ike izute ọkwa ọkwa dị elu. Agbanyeghị, ọnụego agbaze agbaze nke atụmatụ 5 na atụmatụ 6 dị ala karịa 10 g/(minti 10), yabụ na ha enweghị ike irute ọkwa ọkwa. Ọ bụ ezie na atụmatụ 1 nwere oke mgbaze na-agbaze dị elu, ike ya na ike ya adịghị mma, ọ na-adaba ule nguzogide acid; Atụmatụ 2 enweghị nkwalite doro anya na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa, na adhesion na-ebelata mgbe imi mmiri acid gasịrị, yabụ enwere ike itinye ya n'ọnọdụ ebe achọrọ ọdịdị mkpuchi dị elu chọrọ, mana akụrụngwa akụrụngwa dị ala na achọrọ arụmọrụ mgbochi corrosion chọrọ.

Nkọwa 4

N'ime ọmụmụ ihe a, site na ịgwakọta na iji polyethylene nwere ihe dị iche iche, a na-emepụta atụmatụ mkpuchi mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene dị iche iche, na-anwale arụmọrụ nke atụmatụ dị iche iche. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na mkpuchi polyethylene ntụ ntụ emebere dị ka atụmatụ 3 na atụmatụ 4 si dị nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị izute ọkwa ọkwa elu nke mkpuchi mkpuchi igbe batrị, kamakwa nwee ezigbo akụrụngwa na arụ ọrụ mgbochi corrosion. Nsonaazụ nyocha na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na nchebe mgbochi corrosion nke igbe batrị, na echiche nyocha nwere ihe nduzi dị mkpa maka ngbanwe nhazi nke mkpuchi mkpuchi polyethylene.

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