Zvimiro uye mhando dze thermoplastic polymer

Thermoplastic polymer imhando yepolymer inoonekwa nekugona kwayo kunyungudutswa yobva yasimba r.epeedly pasina shanduko yakakosha mumakemikari ayo kana maitiro ekuita. Thermoplastic polima anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira kurongedza, zvikamu zvemotokari, zvikamu zvemagetsi, uye zvishandiso zvekurapa, pakati pezvimwe.

Thermoplastic mapolymers anosiyaniswa kubva kune mamwe marudzi emapolymers, senge thermosetting mapolymers uye elastomers, nekugona kwavo kunyungudutswa uye kugadziridzwa kakawanda. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti thermoplastic polymers inoumbwa nemacheni marefu emamorekuru anobatwa pamwe chete neasina kusimba intermolecular masimba. Kana kupisa kuchiiswa kune thermoplastic polymer, aya ma intermolecular masimba anopera simba, achibvumira maketani kuti afambe akasununguka uye zvinhu kuti zviwedzere kuchinjika.

Imwe yemabhenefiti akakosha e thermoplastic polymers ndeyekuita kwavo kwakasiyana-siyana. Dzinogona kugadzirwa kuti dzive nehupamhi hwemuviri uye michina zvimiro, kusanganisira kuchinjika, kusimba, simba, uye kuramba kupisa, makemikari, uye UV mwaranzi. Izvi zvinovaita kuti vakwanise kune akasiyana siyana maapplication anoda chaiwo maitiro ekuita.

Imwe mukana we thermoplastic polymers ndiko kureruka kwekugadzirisa. Nekuti anogona kunyungudutswa nekugadziridzwa kakawanda, anogona kuumbwa zviri nyore kuita maumbirwo akaomarara achishandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana, senge jekiseni rekuumba, extrusion, blow molding, uye thermoforming. Izvi zvinovaita sarudzo inodhura-inoshanda yekugadzirwa kwakawanda kwezvikamu uye zvikamu.

Kune akawanda akasiyana marudzi e thermoplastic polymers, imwe neimwe iine yayo yakasarudzika seti yezvivakwa uye mashandisirwo. Mamwe emhando dzakajairika anosanganisira:

1. Polyethylene (PE): Iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya thermoplastic polymer inozivikanwa nemutengo wakaderera, kuchinjika, uye kuramba kukanganiswa uye makemikari. Inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira kurongedza, mapaipi, uye waya yekuvharisa.
2. Polypropylene (PP): Imwe inoshandiswa zvakanyanya thermoplastic polymer inozivikanwa nekuoma kwayo, kusimba, uye kuramba kupisa nemakemikari. Inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira zvikamu zvemotokari, kurongedza, uye zvishandiso zvekurapa.
3. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC): Thermoplastic polymer inozivikanwa nekusiyana-siyana kwayo, kusimba, uye kuramba moto nemakemikari. Inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira mapaipi, kuvhara waya, uye pasi.
4. Polystyrene (PS): Iyo thermoplastic polymer inozivikanwa nekujeka kwayo, kusimba, uye mutengo wakaderera. Inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira kurongedza, makapu anoraswa, uye insulation.
5. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS): Iyo thermoplastic polymer inozivikanwa nekusimba kwayo, kusimba, uye kuramba kupisa uye kukanganisa. Inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa, zvinosanganisira mota zvikamu, matoyi, uye zvemagetsi.

Pamusoro peaya akajairwa thermoplastic polymers, kune akawanda mamwe marudzi aripo, imwe neimwe iine yayo yakasarudzika zvivakwa uye mashandisiro. Mimwe mimwe mienzaniso inosanganisira polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), uye fluoropolymers senge polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

Pakazere, thermoplastic polymers isarudzo inochinja-chinja uye inodhura-inoshanda kune akasiyana siyana ekushandisa. Kugona kwavo kunyungudutswa uye kugadziridzwa kakawanda, kusanganiswa nehupamhi hwavo hwemuviri uye michina zvinhu, zvinovaita chinhu chakakosha mumaindasitiri mazhinji.