Chii chinonzi fluidized bed?
A fluidized bed chirongwa chinosanganisira kuturika zvimedu zvakasimba muchimiro chakafanana nemvura, kazhinji nekufuridza mweya kana gasi nepasi pegaba. Izvi zvinogadzira mubhedha wezvimedu zvinogara zvichifamba uye zvine maitiro ezvese mvura uye gasi. Fluidized mibhedha inowanzo shandiswa mumaindasitiri maitiro sekugadzira makemikari, kukwenenzvera oiri, uye kugadzira magetsi.
Pfungwa yekuyerera kwemvura yakatanga kuwanikwa kumakore ekuma1930 nainjiniya wekuBritain ainzi Lewis Fry Richardson, akaona kuti jecha raiita semvura parinopeperetswa nemhepo. Mumakore ekuma1940, musayendisiti wokuGermany Fritz Winkler akagadzira bhedha rekutanga rakanyungudutswa rekugadzira peturu yekugadzira.
Mibhedha yakanyungudutswa ine zvakawanda zvakanaka pamusoro pezvakajairwa mubhedha zvinobatika, zvinosanganisira kunatsiridza kupisa uye kutamiswa kwehuwandu, kuwedzera maitiro ekuita, uye kutonga kurinani kwekushisa nekumanikidza. Maitiro emvura-senge ezvimedu zvakare anoderedza njodzi yenzvimbo dzinopisa kana nzvimbo dzakafa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kusashanda kana kusakwana kuita.
Magadzirirwo ekutanga emubhedha wakanyungudika ane mudziyo kana mudziyo unozadzwa nechinhu chakasimba, kazhinji chinhu chegranular sejecha, limestone, kana zvidimbu zvinokonzeresa. Mhepo kana gasi rinobva raunzwa kubva pasi pemudziyo, zvichiita kuyerera kwemvura inosimudza nekumisa zvimedu zviri mumhepo.
Sezvo mvura inoyerera nepamubhedha, inokonzera kuti zvimedu zvifambe uye zvirove kune mumwe nemumwe, zvichiita kusanganiswa kwemasimba uye kusanganisa. Kufamba uku kunofumurawo zvimedu kune imwe nzvimbo yakakura, zvichibvumira kupisa kwakanyanya uye kutamisa huwandu pakati pezvimedu uye mvura yakatenderedza.
Imwe yemabhenefiti akakosha emibhedha yakanyungudika kugona kwavo kudzora tembiricha yemaitiro. Nokugadzirisa kuyerera uye kutonhora kwemvura, vashandi vanogona kuchengetedza kutonhora kunoenderana mumubhedha wose, kudzivirira nzvimbo dzinopisa uye kuve nechokwadi chokuti mhinduro yacho inoenda pamwero wakakwana.
Fluidized mibhedha inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari, akadai sekugadzirwa kweammonia, methanol, uye mamwe petrochemicals. Izvo zvinoshandiswawo mukugadzirisa chikafu nemishonga, pamwe nekurapa kwemvura yakaraswa uye mamwe maindasitiri emvura.
Muindasitiri yekugadzira magetsi, mibhedha ine mvura inoshandiswa mukupisa marasha nemamwe mafossil. Iyo nzira inosanganisira kupisa mafuta mumubhedha wakanyungudutswa we limestone, iyo inopindirana nesarufa dhiokisi inogadzirwa panguva yekupisa kuumba calcium sulfate (gypsum). Iyi nzira, inozivikanwa sefluidized bed combustion, inoderedza kubuda kwesulfur dioxide nezvimwe zvinosvibisa zvine chekuita nemagetsi emagetsi emarasha.
Mukupedzisa, mibhedha yakanyungudutswa inyanzvi uye inogoneka tekinoroji ine akawanda maindasitiri ekushandisa. Ivo vanopa yakavandudzwa kupisa uye kutamisa kuwanda, kuwedzera maitiro ekuita, uye kutonga kuri nani kwekushisa uye kumanikidza. Iwo anoshandiswa muakasiyana maindasitiri, anosanganisira kugadzirwa kwemakemikari, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi, kugadzira chikafu, uye kuchenesa mvura.
