Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-thermoplastics ne-thermosets?

I-Thermoplastics kanye ne-thermosets yizinhlobo ezimbili zama-polymers anezakhiwo nokuziphatha okuhlukile. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili usekuphenduleni kwabo ekushiseni kanye nekhono labo lokubunjwa kabusha. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umehluko phakathi kwe-thermoplastics ne-thermosets ngokuningiliziwe.

Thermoplastics

I-Thermoplastics ama-polymers angancibilika futhi abunjwe kabusha izikhathi eziningi ngaphandle koshintsho olukhulu lwamakhemikhali. Banesakhiwo esiqondile noma esinegatsha, futhi amaketanga abo e-polymer abanjwe ndawonye amandla abuthakathaka e-intermolecular. Uma kushisa, i-thermoplastics iyathamba futhi ibe lula, ivumela ukuthi ibunjwe ibe yizimo ezihlukene. Izibonelo ze-thermoplastics zihlanganisa i-polyethylene, i-polypropylenekanye ne-polystyrene.

Kuphendula Ukushisa

I-Thermoplastics iyathamba lapho ishisa futhi ingashintshwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amandla abuthakathaka e-intermolecular abambe amaketanga e-polymer ndawonye anqotshwa ukushisa, okuvumela amaketanga ukuthi ahambe ngokukhululeka. Ngenxa yalokho, i-thermoplastics ingancibilika futhi yenziwe kabusha izikhathi eziningi ngaphandle koshintsho olukhulu lwamakhemikhali.

Ukubuyiselwa emuva

I-Thermoplastics ingancibilika futhi yenziwe kabusha izikhathi eziningi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaketanga e-polymer awaboshelwanga ngokwekhemikhali, futhi amandla e-intermolecular awabambe ndawonye awanamandla. Lapho i-thermoplastic ipholile, amaketanga aphinde aqine, futhi amandla e-intermolecular aphinde amiswe.

Isakhiwo samakhemikhali

Ama-Thermoplastics anesakhiwo esiqondile noma esinamagatsha, anamandla abuthaka e-intermolecular abambe amaketango awo e-polymer ndawonye. Amaketanga awaboshiwe ngamakhemikhali komunye nomunye, futhi amandla e-intermolecular abuthakathaka. Lokhu kuvumela amaketango ukuthi ahambe ngokukhululeka uma kushisa, okwenza i-thermoplastic ithambile.

Izakhiwo mechanical

I-Thermoplastics ngokuvamile inamandla aphansi nokuqina uma kuqhathaniswa nama-thermosets. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaketanga e-polymer awaboshelwanga ngokwekhemikhali, futhi amandla e-intermolecular awabambe ndawonye awanamandla. Ngenxa yalokho, i-thermoplastics iyaguquguquka futhi ine-modulus ephansi yokunwebeka.

Izicelo

I-Thermoplastics ivame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni edinga ukuguquguquka, njengezinto zokupakisha, amapayipi, ama-thermoplastic coatings kanye nezingxenye zezimoto. Zibuye zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukubeka izinto obala, njengokupakishwa kokudla kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.

Ama-Thermosets

Ama-polymers e-Thermoset abhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, okuwaguqula ngendlela engenakuhlehliswa abe isimo esiqinile, esixhumene. Le nqubo yaziwa ngokuthi i-crosslinking noma ukwelapha, futhi ngokuvamile ibangelwa ukushisa, ingcindezi, noma ukungezwa kwe-ejenti yokwelapha. Uma seselashiwe, ama-thermosets awakwazi ukuncibilika noma abunjwe kabusha ngaphandle kokuwohloka okukhulu. Izibonelo zama-thermosets zihlanganisa ama-epoxy, ama-phenolic, nama-polyester resins.

Kuphendula Ukushisa

Ama-Thermosets abhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, okuwaguqula ngendlela engenakuhlehliswa abe yisimo esiqinile, esixhumene. Lokhu kusho ukuthi azithambi uma zishiselwa futhi azikwazi ukubunjwa kabusha. Uma seselashiwe, ama-thermosets aqiniswa unomphela futhi awakwazi ukuncibilika noma abunjwe kabusha ngaphandle kokuwohloka okukhulu.

Ukubuyiselwa emuva

Ama-thermosets awakwazi ukuncibilika kabusha noma abunjwe kabusha ngemuva kokwelashwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokwelapha kuguqula ngokungenakulungiseka amaketango e-polymer abe isimo esiqinile, esixhumene. Uma seselashiwe, i-thermoset iqina unomphela futhi ayikwazi ukuncibilika noma ilungiswe kabusha ngaphandle kokuwohloka okukhulu.

Isakhiwo samakhemikhali

Ama-thermosets anesakhiwo esixhumene, esinamabhondi aqinile ahlangene phakathi kwamaketanga e-polymer. Amaketanga aboshwe ngamakhemikhali komunye nomunye, futhi amandla e-intermolecular awabambe ndawonye anamandla. Lokhu kwenza i-thermoset iqine futhi ingaguquguquki kancane kune-thermoplastic.

Izakhiwo mechanical

Ama-Thermosets, uma seselashiwe, abonisa ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu kwe-dimensional, amandla aphezulu, nokumelana nokushisa namakhemikhali. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwakheka okuxhumene kwe-thermoset kunikeza izinga eliphezulu lokuqina namandla. Izibopho eziqinile eziqinile phakathi kwamaketanga e-polymer nazo zenza i-thermoset imelane nokushisa namakhemikhali.

Izicelo

Ama-thermoset asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga amandla aphezulu nokuqina, njengezingxenye zendiza, izivikeli zikagesi, nezinto eziyinhlanganisela. Zibuye zisetshenziswe ekusetshenzisweni okudinga ukumelana nokushisa namakhemikhali, njengezinto zokumboza, izinto zokunamathisela, nama-sealants.

Ukuqhathaniswa kweThermoplastics kanye neThermosets

Umehluko phakathi kwe-thermoplastics ne-thermosets ungafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• 1. Ukusabela ekushiseni: I-Thermoplastics iyathamba lapho ishiselwa futhi ingalungiswa kabusha, kuyilapho ama-thermoset ebhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali futhi abe lukhuni unomphela.
• 2. Ukubuyisela emuva: I-Thermoplastics ingancibilika futhi yenziwe kabusha izikhathi eziningi, kuyilapho ama-thermosets engakwazi ukuphinde ancibilike noma amiswe kabusha ngemva kokwelashwa.
• 3. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali: I-Thermoplastics inesakhiwo esiqondile noma esinamagatsha, anamandla abuthaka e-intermolecular abambe amaketanga awo e-polymer ndawonye. Ama-thermosets anesakhiwo esixhumene, esinamabhondi aqinile ahlangene phakathi kwamaketanga e-polymer.
• 4. Izici zemishini: I-Thermoplastics ngokuvamile inamandla aphansi nokuqina uma kuqhathaniswa nama-thermosets. Ama-Thermosets, uma seselashiwe, abonisa ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu kwe-dimensional, amandla aphezulu, nokumelana nokushisa namakhemikhali.
• 5. Izinhlelo zokusebenza: I-Thermoplastics ivame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni edinga ukuguquguquka, njengezinto zokupakisha, amapayipi, nezingxenye zezimoto. Ama-thermoset asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga amandla aphezulu nokuqina, njengezingxenye zendiza, izivikeli zikagesi, nezinto eziyinhlanganisela.

Isiphetho

Sengiphetha, i-thermoplastic kanye ne-thermosets yizinhlobo ezimbili zama-polymers anezakhiwo nokuziphatha okuhlukile. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili usekuphenduleni kwabo ekushiseni kanye nekhono labo lokubunjwa kabusha. I-Thermoplastics ingancibilika futhi yenziwe kabusha izikhathi eziningi ngaphandle koshintsho olukhulu lwamakhemikhali, kuyilapho ama-thermoset ebhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi nokwelashwa, okuwaguqula ngendlela engenakuhlehliswa abe isimo esiqinile, esixhumene. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwe-thermoplastics ne-thermosets kubalulekile ekukhetheni izinto ezifanele zohlelo olunikeziwe.