Category: Polyamide ndi chiyani?
Polyamide, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti nayiloni, ndi polima wopangira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha makina ake abwino kwambiri, kukana mankhwala, komanso kulimba kwake. Idapangidwa koyamba m'ma 1930 ndi gulu la asayansi ku DuPont, motsogozedwa ndi Wallace Carothers, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo yakhala imodzi mwamapulasitiki ofunikira kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Polyamide ndi mtundu wa polima wa thermoplastic yemwe amapangidwa pophatikiza diamine ndi dicarboxylic acid kudzera munjira yotchedwa polycondensation. Zotsatira zake polima ali ndi arepegulu lamagulu a amide (-CO-NH-) lomwe limapatsa mawonekedwe ake. Polyamide yodziwika kwambiri ndi nayiloni 6,6, yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera ku hexamethylenediamine ndi adipic acid.
Polyamide ili ndi zinthu zingapo zapadera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino pazogwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Ndi chinthu champhamvu komanso cholimba chomwe chimatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zogwira ntchito kwambiri monga zida zamagalimoto, zida zamagetsi, ndi makina opanga mafakitale. Imalimbananso ndi mankhwala, ma abrasion, ndi zotsatira zake, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino kwa zinthu zomwe zimayenera kupirira madera ovuta.
Ubwino wina waukulu wa polyamide ndi kusinthasintha kwake. Ikhoza kupangidwa mosavuta mu maonekedwe ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Itha kulimbikitsidwanso ndi zinthu zina monga ulusi wagalasi kapena ulusi wa kaboni kuti uwonjezere mphamvu ndi kuuma kwake.
Polyamide imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza magalimoto, ndege, zamagetsi, ndi zinthu zogula. M'makampani opanga magalimoto, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zida monga zophimba zamainjini, zopangira mpweya, ndi matanki amafuta. M'makampani azamlengalenga, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zida monga zida za injini za ndege ndi zida zamapangidwe. M'makampani amagetsi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zinthu monga zolumikizira, zosinthira, ndi ma board ozungulira. M'makampani ogulitsa zinthu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zinthu monga zovala, katundu, ndi zida zamasewera.
Polyamide imagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'makampani azachipatala pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma sutures opangira opaleshoni, ma catheter, ndi zida zina zamankhwala chifukwa cha biocompatibility yake komanso kuthekera kopirira njira zotsekera.
Pomaliza, polyamide ndi polima yosinthika komanso yokhazikika yomwe imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Makhalidwe ake apadera amaupanga kukhala chinthu choyenera kwa ntchito zapamwamba zomwe zimafuna mphamvu, kulimba, ndi kukana mankhwala. Pamene teknoloji ikupita patsogolo, n'kutheka kuti polyamide idzapitiriza kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zatsopano ndi matekinoloje.
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